Ngemva kokushicilelwa koshicilelo luka-Okthoba Lwezimayini Zamazwe Ngamazwe, futhi ikakhulukazi isici sonyaka sokuchotshozwa nokuhanjiswa kwemigodi emgodini, sibhekisise enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezakha lezi zinhlelo, i-apron feeder.
Kwezimayini,ama-apron feedersdlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Izicelo zabo kumasekethe okucubungula amaminerali ahlukahlukene kakhulu; nokho, amakhono abo aphelele awaziwa kahle embonini yonkana, okuholela emibuzweni eminingi ephakanyiswe.
UMartin Yester, iGlobal Product Support, iMetso Bulk Products, iphendula eminye yemibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ngamagama alula, i-apron feeder (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-pan feeder) iwuhlobo lwemishini lokuphakelayo olusetshenziswa emisebenzini yokuphatha impahla ukuze kudluliselwe (okuphakelayo) okubalulekile kwezinye izinto zokusebenza noma kusuka kuhlu lwesitoreji , ibhokisi noma i-hopper ukuze kukhishwe impahla (insimbi/itshe) ngenani elilawulwayo.
Lezi ziphakeli zingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene emisebenzini yamabanga aphansi, eyesibili kanye nephakeme (yokubuyisela).
Ama-apron feeder e-tractor chain abhekisela kumaketango angaphansi kwenqola, ama-roller namasondo omsila aphinde asetshenziswe kuma-bulldozers kanye nabavubukuli.Lolu hlobo lokuphakelayo lulawula izimboni lapho abasebenzisi bedinga khona okokuphakelayo okungakhipha izinto ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene.Izigxivizo ze-Polyurethane eketangoni zivimbela izinto ezilumayo ukuthi zingangeni ezikhonkwane zangaphakathi kanye nokunwetshwa kwamaketanga e-tractor, ukunciphisa amaketanga okuphila. ama-feeders anciphisa nokunukubezeka komsindo ukuze asebenze kancane.Izixhumanisi zeketango ziphathwa ngokushisa isikhathi eside.
Sekukonke, izinzuzo zifaka ukuthembeka okwengeziwe, izingxenye ezisele ezimbalwa, ukunakekelwa okuncane kanye nokulawulwa okungcono kokuphakelayo.Ngembuyiselo, lezi zinzuzo zikhulisa ukukhiqiza ngezingqinamba ezincane kunoma iyiphi iluphu yokucubungula amaminerali.
Inkolelo evamile mayelanaama-apron feedersukuthi kufanele zifakwe zivundlile.Hhayi-ke, ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, zingagxunyekwa emithambekeni!Lokhu kuletha izinzuzo nezici eziningi ezengeziwe.Lapho ufaka i-apron feeder emithambekeni, kudingeka isikhala esincane - akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi umthambeka awukhawuli indawo yaphansi, unciphisa nobude be-hopper eyamukelayo.Lokhu kuletha izinzuzo eziningi ezengeziwe kanye nezici.Lapho ufaka i-apron feeder endaweni eyehlelayo, kudingeka isikhala esincane ngokuphelele - hhayi kuphela ukuthi umthambeko unciphisa isikhala saphansi, futhi unciphisa ukuphakama kwe-hopper etholayo. umthamo ku-hopper futhi unciphise izikhathi zomjikelezo wamaloli okuthutha.
Khumbula ukuthi kunezici ezithile okufanele uziqaphele lapho ufaka i-pan feeder emthambekeni wokuthuthukisa inqubo.I-hopper eklanywe kahle, i-engeli yokuthambekela, idizayini yesakhiwo sokusekela, kanye nesistimu yamaphaseji nezitebhisi ezizungeze isiphakeli zonke izici ezibalulekile.
Umbono oyiphutha ovamile mayelana nokusebenzisa noma iyiphi idivayisi ithi: “Ngokushesha kuzoba ngcono.”Mayelana neziphakeli zephinifa, akunjalo.Isivinini esiphezulu sivela ekutholeni ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kahle kanye nesivinini sokuthumela.Zihamba kancane kuneziphakeli zamabhande, kodwa ngesizathu esihle.
Ngokuvamile, isivinini esilungile se-apron feeder ngu-0.05-0.40 m/s. Uma insimbi ingagabi, isivinini singanyuswa sibe ngaphezu kuka-0.30 m/s ngenxa yokuncipha okungenzeka kokugqoka.
Isivinini esiphezulu siphazamisa ukusebenza: uma isivinini sakho siphezulu kakhulu, uzibeka engcupheni yokuguga okusheshayo ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo.Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nakho kuyehla ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo samandla.
Enye inkinga okufanele ikhunjulwe uma usebenzisa i-apron feeder ngesivinini esikhulu ukwanda kwamathuba ezinhlawulo.Kungase kube nemiphumela elimazayo phakathi kwempahla nepuleti.Ngenxa yokuba khona okungenzeka kothuli olubalekile emoyeni, ukudalwa kwenhlawulo akudali izinkinga eziningi kuphela, kodwa futhi kudala indawo yokusebenza eyingozi kakhulu kubasebenzi bebonke. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola isivinini esiphelele sokusebenza kwesitshalo kubaluleke nakakhulu ekuphepheni kwesitshalo.
Iziphakeli ze-apron zinemikhawulo uma kufikwa kusayizi kanye nohlobo lwensimbi.Imikhawulo izohluka, kodwa impahla akufanele ilahlwe ngokungenanjongo ekuphakeleni.Akufanele ucabangele kuphela uhlelo lokusebenza lapho uzosebenzisa khona okokuphakelayo, kodwa nalapho lesosiphakeli sizobekwa khona ohlelweni.
Ngokuvamile, umthetho wemboni wamasayizi we-apron feeder okufanele ulandelwe ukuthi ububanzi bepani (isiketi sangaphakathi) kufanele buphindwe kabili ubukhulu besiqephu esikhulu sezinto ezibonakalayo.Ezinye izici, njenge-hopper evulekile eklanywe kahle ehlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa "kwe-rock flip plate", kungase kuthinte usayizi wepani, kodwa lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezimweni ezithile.
Akuvamile ukuthi ukwazi ukukhipha u-1,500mm wezinto ezibonakalayo uma kusetshenziswa isiphakeli esingu-3,000mm esibanzi.Into engalungile engu-300mm ekhishwe kuzinqwaba ze-crusher ore noma amabhokisi okugcina/okuxuba ngokuvamile akhishwa kusetshenziswa i-apron feeder ukuze kuphakelwe isigaxa sesibili.
Lapho wenza usayizi wesiphakeli sephinifa kanye nesistimu yokushayela ehambisanayo (injini), njengezingcezu eziningi zemishini embonini yezimayini, ulwazi nolwazi lwalo lonke uhlelo luyigugu.Ukulinganisa kwe-apron feeder kudinga ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwedatha yefekthri ukuze kugcwaliseke ngokunembile imibandela edingwa “Ishidi Ledatha Yesicelo” (noma umphakeli uthola ulwazi lwakhe).
Imibandela eyisisekelo okufanele icatshangelwe ihlanganisa izinga lokudla (izinga eliphezulu nelivamile), izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo (njengomswakama, ukuhlukaniswa nokuma), ubukhulu bobukhulu bebhulokhi ye-ore/rock, ukuminyana kwenqwaba ye-ore/rock (isilinganiso esiphezulu nesincane) kanye nezimo zokuphakelayo neziphumayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi okuhlukile kungase kwengezwe kunqubo yokulinganisa yesiphakeli sephinifa okufanele kufakwe.Okuhlukile okungeziwe okungeziwe abahlinzeki okufanele babuze ngakho ukucushwa kwe-hopper. Ngokukhethekile, i-hopper cut length opening (L2) itholakala ngokuqondile ngaphezu kwe-apron feeder.Lapho kusebenza khona, lena ipharamitha eyinhloko hhayi kuphela yokulinganisa kahle isistimu ye-apron, kodwa futhi nesistimu yedrayivu.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuminyana kwenqwaba ye-ore/rock kungenye yezidingo ezijwayelekile eziyisisekelo futhi kufanele kubandakanye usayizi wesiphakeli esisebenzayo.Ukuminyana kuyisisindo sento ethile ngevolumu enikeziwe, ngokuvamile ukuminyana kwenqwaba kukalwa ngamathani nge-cubic meter ngayinye (t/m³) noma amaphawundi ku-cubic foot (lbs/ft³). ukuminyana njengakweminye imishini yokucubungula amaminerali.
Pho kungani ukuminyana kwenqwaba kubaluleke kangaka?Iziphakeli zephinifa ziyiziphakeli zevolumu, okusho ukuthi ukuminyana kwenqwaba kusetshenziswa ukunquma isivinini namandla adingekayo ukuze kukhishwe ithoni ethile yezinto ngehora.Ubuningi obuncane bokuminyana busetshenziselwa ukunquma isivinini, futhi ubukhulu benqwaba yenqwaba bunquma amandla (torque) adingwa yisiphakeli.
Sekukonke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ukuminyana "kobuningi" okulungile kunokuthi "okuqinile" ukuze usayizi wesiphakeli sakho sephinifa. Uma lezi zibalo zingalungile, izinga lokuphakelayo lokugcina lenqubo engezansi lingaba sengozini.
Ukunquma ubude be-hopper yokugunda kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni okulungile nasekukhethweni kwe-apron feeder kanye nesistimu yokushayela (motor).Kodwa lokhu kuqinisekile kanjani?Ubude be-hopper beshear ubukhulu obusuka epuleti elingemuva le-hopper eliyisiketi ukuya kubha yokugunda ekugcineni kwe-hopper.Kuzwakala kulula, kodwa ukhiye wokuqaphela ukuthi lokhu akufanele kudidaniswe nosayizi ongaphezulu.
Inhloso yokuthola lesi silinganiso sobude be-shear ye-hopper ukunquma umugqa wendiza yokugunda wangempela wento futhi lapho okubalulekile kusiketi kuhlukanisa khona (izikere) nokokusebenza (L2) ku-hopper.Ukumelana kwe-shear kwento ngokuvamile kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuphakathi kuka-50-70% wengqikithi yamandla/amandla.Lokhu kubalwa kobude be-shear kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla (ukwehla kwamandla) noma ukwehla (kwehle kakhulu) (ukwehla kwamandla okusebenza) (ukwehla kwamandla okusebenza).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini kubalulekile kunoma yisiphi isitshalo.Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-apron feeder ingagxunyekwa emithambekeni ukuze konge isikhala.Ukukhetha ubude obufanele be-apron feeder ngeke nje kunciphise izindleko ezinkulu (capex), kodwa futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko zokusebenza.
Kodwa bunqunywa kanjani ubude obulungile?Ubude obufanele besiphakeli sephinifa yilelo elingahlangabezana nomsebenzi odingekayo ngobude obufushane kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ekusebenzeni, ukukhethwa kwesiphakeli kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside "ukudlulisa" okokusebenza kumishini engezansi nokuqeda amaphuzu okudlulisa (kanye nezindleko ezingadingekile).
Ukuze unqume isiphakeli esifushane nesingcono kakhulu esingaba khona, isiphakeli sephinifa sidinga ukumiswa ngendlela evumelana nezimo ngaphansi kwe-hopper (L2).Ngemva kokunquma ubude be-shear nokujula kombhede, ubude bubonke bungancishiswa ukuze kuvinjelwe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzishayela" ekupheleni kokukhipha lapho isiphakeli singenzi lutho.
Ukukhetha isistimu yokushayela elungile yesiphakeli sakho sephinifa kuzoncika ekusebenzeni nasezimpokophelweni zesiphakeli.Ama-apron Feeders aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngesivinini esishintshashintshayo ukuze akhiphe endaweni yokugcina futhi afunze ezansi nomfula ngezinga elilawulwayo ukuze asebenze kahle kakhulu.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingahluka ngenxa yezici ezifana nesizini yonyaka, umzimba wensimbi noma ukuqhuma namaphethini okuxuba.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zokushayela ezifanele isivinini esiguquguqukayo amadrayivu emishini esebenzisa izinciphisi zegiya, ama-variable frequency motors nama-variable frequency drives (VFDs), noma ama-hydraulic motors namayunithi kagesi anamaphampu ashintshashintshayo.
Amasistimu okushayela ama-Hydraulic anendawo yawo, kodwa awabhekwa njengefanelekile phakathi kwamadrayivu amabili aguquguqukayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-14-2022
