Nyuma yo gusohora nomero yo mu Kwakira y’ubucukuzi mpuzamahanga, na cyane cyane buri mwaka mu mwobo wo kumenagura no gutanga ibintu, twarebye neza kimwe mu bintu by'ibanze bigize ubwo buryo, ibiryo bya apron.
Mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro,ibiryoGira uruhare runini mugukora neza no kongera amasaha. Porogaramu zabo mumashanyarazi atunganyirizwa aratandukanye cyane; icyakora, ubushobozi bwabo bwuzuye ntabwo buzwi cyane muruganda, biganisha kubibazo byinshi byabajijwe.
Martin Yester, Inkunga Yibicuruzwa Byisi, Metso Ibicuruzwa byinshi, asubiza bimwe mubibazo byingenzi.
Mumagambo yoroshye, ibiryo bya apron (bizwi kandi nka paneri) ni ubwoko bwubukanishi bwibiryo bikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gutunganya ibikoresho kugirango wohereze (kugaburira) ibikoresho mubindi bikoresho cyangwa mububiko bwabitswe, agasanduku cyangwa hopper kugirango ukuremo ibikoresho (ubutare / urutare) ku kigero cyagenwe.
Ibi biryo birashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye mubikorwa byibanze, ibya kabiri na kaminuza (kugarura).
Imashini ya traktor ya feri yerekana iminyururu ya gari ya moshi, umuzingo hamwe niziga ryumurizo nabyo bikoreshwa kuri buldozeri na excavator.Ubu bwoko bwibiryo byiganjemo inganda aho abakoresha bakeneye ibiryo bishobora gukuramo ibikoresho bifite imitungo itandukanye. Ikidodo cya polyurethane mumurongo kibuza ibikoresho byangiza kwinjira mumapine yimbere no mubihuru, kugabanya kwambara no kwagura ibikoresho byangiza. imikorere.Ihuza ryumunyururu ni ubushyuhe buvurwa kuramba.
Muri rusange, inyungu zirimo kwiyongera kwizerwa, ibice bike byabigenewe, kubungabunga bike no kugenzura neza ibiryo.Mugarutse, izi nyungu zongera umusaruro hamwe nudukoryo duto duto twose two gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro.
Imyizerere imweibiryoni uko bigomba gushyirwaho mu buryo butambitse.Nibyiza, bitandukanye n’imyemerere ikunzwe, birashobora gushirwa ahantu hahanamye! Ibi bizana inyungu zinyongera nibindi biranga.Iyo ushyizeho ibiryo bya feri kumurongo, umwanya muto urasabwa muri rusange - ntibigabanya gusa umwanya wa etage hasi, binagabanya uburebure bwa hopper yakira. amakamyo.
Wibuke ko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kumenya mugihe ushyizemo ibiryo byo kumanura kumurongo kugirango uhindure inzira.Icyuma cyateguwe neza, inguni yubushake, igishushanyo mbonera cyimfashanyo, hamwe na sisitemu yinzira nintambwe zikikije ibiryo byose nibintu byingenzi.
Igitekerezo gikunze kugaragara kubijyanye no gukoresha igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose ni: "Nibyihuse nibyiza." Mugihe ibiryo bya apron bigenda, ntabwo aribyo. Umuvuduko mwiza uturuka mugushakisha uburinganire hagati yimikorere n'umuvuduko woherejwe.Biruka gahoro kuruta kugaburira umukandara, ariko kubwimpamvu.
Mubisanzwe, umuvuduko mwiza wibiryo bya apron ni 0.05-0.40 m / s.Niba ubutare budasebanya, umuvuduko urashobora kwiyongera kugeza hejuru ya 0,30 m / s kubera kugabanuka kugabanuka.
Umuvuduko mwinshi ubangamira imikorere: niba umuvuduko wawe ari mwinshi cyane, ushobora guhura nihuta kwambara kubice.Imikorere yingufu nayo iragabanuka kubera ingufu zikenewe.
Ikindi kibazo ugomba kuzirikana mugihe ukoresha feri yo kugaburira umuvuduko mwinshi ni ukongera amahirwe yo gucibwa amande.Hashobora kubaho ingaruka mbi hagati yibikoresho hamwe nisahani. Bitewe nuko hashobora kubaho umukungugu wahunze mukirere, gushiraho amande ntago bitera ibibazo byinshi gusa, ahubwo binatera umutekano muke muke kubakozi muri rusange.
Ibiryo bya Apron bifite aho bigarukira iyo bigeze ku bunini n'ubwoko bw'amabuye y'agaciro.Ibibujijwe bizatandukana, ariko ibikoresho ntibigomba na rimwe kujugunywa bidafite ishingiro kuri federasiyo.Ntugomba gutekereza gusa kuri porogaramu aho uzakoresha ibiryo, ariko kandi aho iyo feri izashyirwa mubikorwa.
Muri rusange, amategeko yinganda yubunini bwibiryo bya apron agomba gukurikiza ni uko ubugari bwisafuriya (ijipo yimbere) bugomba kuba bwikubye kabiri ubunini bwibikoresho binini.Ibindi bintu, nkibikoresho byateguwe neza bifatanyirijwe hamwe hamwe no gukoresha “rock flip plate”, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bunini bwa pan, ariko ibi birakenewe gusa mubihe bimwe.
Ntibisanzwe ko ushobora gukuramo 1.500mm yibikoresho niba hakoreshejwe ibiryo bya 3.000mm by'ubugari.Ibikoresho 300mm byavanywe mu birundo by'amabuye y'agaciro cyangwa ububiko / kuvanga udusanduku dusanzwe tubikuramo dukoresheje ibiryo bya feri kugirango bigaburire igikonjo cya kabiri.
Iyo ubunini bwa feri yo kugaburira hamwe na sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga (moteri), kimwe nibikoresho byinshi mubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, uburambe nubumenyi bwibikorwa byose ni ntagereranywa. Ingano ya federasiyo ya federasiyo isaba ubumenyi bwibanze bwamakuru yinganda kugirango yuzuze neza ibipimo bisabwa nuwabitanze "Urupapuro rusaba amakuru" (cyangwa uwabitanze yakira amakuru yabo).
Ibipimo fatizo bigomba kwitabwaho harimo igipimo cyibiryo (impinga nibisanzwe), ibintu bifatika (nkubushuhe, amanota nuburyo), ingano nini yo guhagarika amabuye / amabuye, ubwinshi bwamabuye y'agaciro / amabuye (ntarengwa na ntoya) hamwe nibiryo hamwe nibisohoka.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, rimwe na rimwe impinduka zirashobora kongerwaho murwego rwo kugaburira ibiryo bya apron bigomba gushyirwamo. Impinduka nini yinyongera abatanga isoko bagomba kubaza ni iboneza rya hopper. By'umwihariko, icyuma gipima uburebure bwafunguye (L2) giherereye hejuru yigaburo rya apron.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ubwinshi bwamabuye yubutare / urutare nikimwe mubisabwa byibanze kandi bigomba kuba birimo ingano yo kugaburira neza.Ubucucike nuburemere bwibintu mubunini bwatanzwe, ubusanzwe ubwinshi bwinshi bupimirwa muri toni kuri metero kibe (t / m³) cyangwa pound kuri metero kibe (lb / ft³) .Icyitonderwa kidasanzwe ugomba kuzirikana ni ubwinshi bwibikoresho bikoreshwa mubutunzi bwa apron, ntabwo ari ibikoresho bya minisiteri.
None se kuki ubwinshi bwibyingenzi ari ingenzi cyane? Ibiryo bya Apron nibigaburira volumetric, bivuze ko ubwinshi bwubwinshi bukoreshwa mukumenya umuvuduko nimbaraga zisabwa mugukuramo toni imwe yibikoresho kumasaha.
Muri rusange, ni ngombwa gukoresha ubucucike bukwiye "ubwinshi" aho kuba "bikomeye" kugirango ubunini bwa federasiyo yawe.Niba iyi mibare itariyo, igipimo cyanyuma cyo kugaburira inzira yo hasi gishobora guhungabana.
Kumenya uburebure bwikariso ni ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamo neza no gutoranya ibyokurya bya apron na sisitemu yo gutwara (moteri) .Ariko ibi birashidikanywaho bite? Uburebure bwikariso ya Hopper nubunini buva ku isahani yinyuma yimbere kugeza ku cyuma cyogosha ku musozo wa hopper.Birasa byoroshye, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ko ibyo bitagomba kwitiranwa nubunini bwibikoresho byo hejuru.
Intego yo gushakisha ubu burebure bwa hopper shear ni ukumenya umurongo windege wukuri wibikoresho hamwe nigihe ibikoresho biri mumajipo bitandukanya (shears) nibikoresho (L2) muri hopper. Kurwanya kwogoshesha ibikoresho mubisanzwe bivugwa ko biri hagati ya 50-70% yingufu zose / imbaraga.Iyi mibare yuburebure bwikariso izavamo imbaraga (gutakaza umusaruro) cyangwa imbaraga zirenze (gutakaza umusaruro).
Gutandukanya ibikoresho ni ngombwa ku gihingwa icyo ari cyo cyose. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ibiryo bya apron birashobora gushirwa ahantu hahanamye kugirango ubike umwanya. Guhitamo uburebure bukwiye bwibiryo bya apron ntibishobora kugabanya amafaranga yakoreshejwe gusa (capex), ariko kandi bigabanya gukoresha ingufu nigiciro cyo gukora.
Ariko ni gute uburebure bwiza bwagenwe? Uburebure bwiza bwibiryo bya apron nicyo gishobora kuzuza inshingano zisabwa mugihe gito gishoboka.Nyamara, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, kubikorwa, guhitamo ibiryo bishobora gufata igihe kinini cyo "kwimura" ibikoresho mubikoresho byo hasi no gukuraho ingingo zoherejwe (nibiciro bitari ngombwa).
Kugirango umenye ibiryo bigufi kandi byiza bishoboka, ibiryo bya apron bigomba guhagarikwa byoroshye munsi ya hopper (L2) .Nyuma yo kumenya uburebure bwikariso nuburebure bwigitanda, uburebure rusange burashobora kugabanywa kugirango wirinde icyitwa "kwikinisha" kumpera isohoka mugihe uwagaburiye adafite akazi.
Guhitamo sisitemu iboneye ya federasiyo yawe ya apron bizaterwa nigikorwa nintego zuwagaburiwe.Apron Feeders yagenewe gukora kumuvuduko uhindagurika kugirango ikure mububiko no kugaburira epfo kumuvuduko wagenzuwe kugirango bikorwe neza.Ibikoresho birashobora gutandukana bitewe nibintu nkigihe cyumwaka, umubiri wamabuye cyangwa guturika no kuvanga uburyo.
Ubwoko bubiri bwa drives ikwiranye numuvuduko uhindagurika ni drives ya mashini ukoresheje kugabanya ibikoresho, moteri ihindagurika ya moteri na moteri ya variable ya VFDs, cyangwa moteri ya hydraulic moteri hamwe nimbaraga za pompe zihinduranya.Uyu munsi, ibinyabiziga byihuta byihuta byagaragaye ko ari sisitemu yo guhitamo bitewe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nibyiza byo gukoresha imari.
Sisitemu ya Hydraulic sisitemu ifite umwanya wabyo, ariko ntibifatwa nkibyiza hagati ya drives ebyiri zihinduka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-14-2022
