Ⅱ Mugodhi wemhepo
Mupasi pevhu, nekuda kwekucherakushanda uye mineral oxidation uye zvimwe zvikonzero, kuumbwa kwemhepo kuchashanduka, kunonyanya kuratidzwa sekuderedzwa kweokisijeni, kuwedzera kwemagasi ane chepfu uye anokuvadza, mineral dust mixing, tembiricha, humidity, pressure shanduko, etc. Shanduko idzi dzinokonzera kukuvadza uye kukanganisa hutano nekuchengeteka kwevashandi. Kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano hwevashandi uye mamiriro ekushanda akakodzera, uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa, zvakakosha kutumira mweya mutsva kubva pasi kusvika pasi pevhu, uye kuburitsa mweya wakasviba kubva pasi pevhu kusvika pasi, icho chiri chinangwa chekufefetedza kwemugodhi.
1 Mine ventilation system
Kuti utumire mhepo yakachena yakakwana kune yakatarisana nemigodhi yepasi pamwe neimwe nzira uye nzira, uye panguva imwechete yekuburitsa mweya wakasviba kubva mumugodhi mune imwe nzira uye nzira, zvinodikanwa kuti mugodhi uve neane musoro wemhepo system.
1) Zvinoenderana nekubatana kana dunhu rechikamu chemugodhi wese
Mugodhi unoumba hurongwa hwekufemesa mhepo hunonzi uniform ventilation. Mugodhi wakakamurwa kuita akati wandei akazvimirira masisitimu ekufemesa, uye imwe neimwe system ine yayo yekupinza mhepo, exhaust shaft uye simba rekufemesa. Kunyange zvazvo kune hukama pakati pe shaft uye nzira yemugwagwa, mhepo inoyerera haipindirani uye yakasununguka kune imwe neimwe, iyo inonzi partition ventilation.
Kufefetedza kwakabatana kune zvakwakanakira zvekudonhedzwa kwemhepo, midziyo shoma yekufefetedza uye yakanakira centralized manejimendi. Kumigodhi ine migodhi midiki uye mishoma yekubuda kwepasi, kunyanya migodhi yakadzika, zvine musoro kutora mhepo yakabatana yemugodhi wese.
Zone ventilation ine zvakanakira nzira pfupi yemhepo, diki Yin simba, shoma mhepo inodonha, yakaderera simba rekushandisa, nyore network, nyore kudzora kuyerera kwemhepo, inobatsira kudzikisa kusvibiswa kwemhepo yakatevedzana uye mhepo vhoriyamu kugovera, uye inogona kugamuchira zvirinani kufefetera mhedzisiro. Naizvozvo, partition ventilation inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumimwe migodhi ine zvicherwa zvisina kudzika uye zvakapararira kana migodhi ine miviri yesimbi isina kudzika uye matsime akawanda pamusoro.
Zone ventilation inogona kukamurwa zvichienderana neore body,kucheranzvimbo uye nhanho nhanho.
2) Kurongeka zvinoenderana nekurongeka kweiyo inlet air shaft uye exhaust air shaft
Imwe neimwe yemhepo system inofanirwa kunge iine inovimbika mhepo inlet tsime uye yakavimbika yekuburitsa tsime. Kazhinji keji inosimudza tsime inoshandiswa semhepo shaft, mamwe migodhi anoshandisawo yakakosha air shaft. Nekuda kwekuti kuyerera kwemhepo yekubuda ine huwandu hukuru hwegasi ine muchetura uye huruva, matsime emhepo anowanzo akakosha.
Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yakaenzana yeiyo inlet air shaft uye mhepo yekubuda zvakanaka, inogona kukamurwa kuita matatu akasiyana marongero: yepakati, diagonal uye yepakati diagonal yakasanganiswa mafomu.
① Central style
Mhepo inopinza zvakanaka uye chitubu chekuburitsa chiri pakati pemuviri weore, uye nzira yekuyerera yemhepo inoyerera mupasi inodzoserwa, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 3-7.
central ventilation system
Iyo yepakati dhizaini ine mabhenefiti emutengo wakaderera wezvivakwa, kukurumidza kugadzira, yepakati chivakwa chepasi, manejimendi ari nyore, nyore shaft kudzika basa, nyore kuwana anti-mhepo. Iyo yepakati dhizaini inonyanya kushandiswa kumigodhi laminated ore miviri.
② Iyo diagonal
Kupinda mumhepo shaft iri mubapiro remuviri weore, shaft yekuburitsa mune rimwe bapiro remuviri weore, inonzi single bapiro diagonal, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 3-8 mumhepo shaft iri pakati pemuviri weore, mhepo yekudzoka mumapapiro maviri, inonzi mapapiro maviri diagonal, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 3-9 apo mukati memugero wemhepo wakareba kwazvo, dhizaini yemhepo yakareba. ore body thick, kupinda mumhepo shaft, exhaust shaft yakatenderedza ore body marongerwo, inonzi interval diagonal type. Mune diagonal ventilation, nzira yekuyerera yemhepo inoyerera mumugodhi yakananga.
Single-bapiro diagonal ventilation shaft
Diagonal kurongeka kune zvakanakira mutsara mupfupi wemhepo, kushomeka kwemhepo kurasikirwa, kuderera kwemhepo, kugadzikana kwemhepo panguva yekugadzirwa kwemigodhi, yunifomu yemhepo kugovera, uye kure kure kubva kumusoro kubva kunzvimbo yeindasitiri. Diagonal layout mode inowanzo shandiswa mumigodhi yesimbi.
③ Central diagonal kusanganisa mhando
Kana iyo ore mutumbi wakareba uye migodhi yakafara, iyo yepakati kusimudzira, inogona kurongeka pakati pemuviri weore, kugadzirisa mhepo yepakati ore muviri wemigodhi mumugodhi wekuburitsa mumapapiro maviri emugodhi, kugadzirisa kufefetera kweiyo kure kure kucherwa kwemuviri, iyo ore muviri wese une zvese zviri pakati uye diagonal yakasanganiswa, ichigadzira pakati.
Kunyangwe iwo mafomu ekurongeka emhepo inopinza zvakanaka uye yekupedza zvakanaka inogona kupfupikiswa semhando dziri pamusoro, nekuda kwekuoma kwemamiriro ezvinhu emuviri weore uye akasiyana ekushandisa uye nzira dzemigodhi, mukugadzira nekugadzira maitiro, kurongeka kunofanirwa kuitwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo emugodhi wega wega, pasina miganhu yemhando dziri pamusoro.
3) Classification maererano nekushanda mode ye fan
Maitiro ekushanda e fan anosanganisira kumanikidza rudzi, rudzi rwekubvisa uye mhando yakasanganiswa.
① Dzvinyiriro
Pressure-in ventilation ndeyekuita iyo yese ventilation system kuti iumbe mamiriro ekumanikidza kwakanaka pamusoro penzvimbo yepasi pemhepo pasi pekuita kweiyo huru yekumanikidza fan. Nekuda kwekuwanda kwekuyerera kwemhepo, iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa gradient muchikamu chinopinda mhepo inogona kuita kuti mweya mutsva ufambe uchikurumidza kutumirwa pasi pevhu nenzira yakatarwa yekufemesa, kudzivirira kusvibiswa nemamwe mashandiro, uye mhando yemhepo yakanaka.
Izvo zvakashata zvekumanikidza inlet ventilation ndeyekuti nzvimbo dzekudzora kuyerera kwemhepo senge magonhi emhepo dzinofanirwa kuwanikwa muchikamu chemhepo chinopinda. Nekuda kwekugara kwekufambisa uye vanofamba netsoka, hazvisi nyore kubata nekudzora, uye pasi petsime pane hombe yemhepo inodonha. Iyo yakaderera yekumanikidza gradient inoumbwa mumhepo huru muchikamu chekuburitsa, uye mweya wakasviba haugone kukurumidza kuburitswa kubva mumhepo zvakanaka zvinoenderana nenzira yakatarwa, ichiita kuti pasi pevhu kuyerera kwemhepo kuve kusagadzikana. Wedzera kupindira kwemhepo yakasikwa, kunyange mhepo inodzokera shure, kusvibiswa kwechiitiko chemhepo itsva.
②Out type
Extractive ventilation ndeyekuita kuti mhepo yose yemhepo iri pasi pechiito che fan huru kuti iite kudzvinyirira kusina kunaka kuderera kudarika mhepo yepamhepo. Nekuda kwekusangana kwemhepo yekubuda uye hukuru hwekuburitsa mhepo, iyo yekuburitsa mhepo inokonzeresa yakakwira gradient padivi remhepo yekuburitsa, iyo inoita kuti mweya wakasviba weimwe neimwe yekushanda ushande nekukurumidza kudonhedza kune echaust duct, uye utsi hweiyo exhaust system haisi nyore kupararira kune dzimwe nzira, uye chiutsi chinopedza kukurumidza kukurumidza. Iyi ndiyo mukana mukuru wekusveta-kunze kwemhepo. Mukuwedzera, iyo mhepo inogadzirisa uye zvivako zvekudzivirira zvakaiswa mumugero wekupisa, usadzivisa kutakura kwevanofamba netsoka, hutungamiri huri nyore, kutonga kwakavimbika.
Izvo zvakashata zvekusveta ventilation ndezvekuti kana iyo exhaust system isiri yakasimba, zviri nyore kukonzeresa kupfupika kwemhepo kutorwa kwemhepo. Kunyanya kana nzira yekudonha ichishandiswa kumugodhi, nzvimbo yepasi pasi uye mbudzi yakabatana, chiitiko ichi chakanyanya kuoma. Mukuwedzera, mhepo yemhepo yebasa rekushanda uye iyo yose yemhepo inlet system yakaderera, uye mhepo inopinza mhepo yemugwagwa inobatwa nemhepo yakasikwa yemhepo, iyo iri nyore kushandura, zvichiita kuti pasi pevhu kuyerera kwemhepo. Iyo yekubvisa ventilation system inoita iyo huru yekusimudza zvakanaka mumhepo inlet chinzvimbo, uye yekuchamhembe migodhi inofanirwa kufunga nezvekusimudza zvakanaka munguva yechando.
Mizhinji yesimbi nemimwe migodhi isiri yemarasha muChina inotora mhepo inofefetera.
3) Kudzvinyirira uye kupomba musanganiswa
Kudzvanya-kupomba mhepo yakavhenganiswa inodzorwa neiyo feni huru mudivi rekupinza uye nedivi rekubuda, kuitira kuti chikamu chekupinda uye chikamu chekuburitsa pasi pechiito chemhepo yakakwirira yekumanikidza uye kumanikidza gradient, kuyerera kwemhepo zvinoenderana nenzira yakatarwa, kupera kweutsi kunokurumidza, kubuda kwemhepo kunoderedzwa, zvisiri nyore kukanganiswa nemhepo yechisikigo uye kukonzeresa kudzoka kwemhepo. Kubudirira kwezvose zviri zviviri kumanikidza kufefetedza modhi uye kusveta kufefetera modhi inzira yakakosha yekuvandudza mhedzisiro yekufefetedza kwemugodhi.
Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvekumanikidza uye kupomba kusanganiswa kwemhepo ndeyekuti kune michina yakawanda yemhepo inodiwa, uye mhepo inoyerera muchikamu chemhepo haigoni kudzorwa. Kubuda kwemhepo muzasi kwegomba regomba uye nzvimbo inoputsika yedivi rekubuda kunze kuripo, asi idiki zvakanyanya.
Pakusarudza nzira yekufefetera, ingave iyo nzvimbo ine nzvimbo yekudonha kana imwe yakaoma kuparadzanisa nzira chinhu chakakosha. Pamigodhi ine radioactive element kana mineral rocks ine ngozi yekupisa yega, pressure pumping type kana pressure pumping yakasanganiswa mhando inofanira kutorwa, uye multi-stage machine station station controlable type inofanira kutorwa. Kune mugodhi usina nzvimbo yepasi pasi kana kuti isina nzvimbo yekudzikisa asi unokwanisa kuchengetedza exhaust duct nekuzadza uye kuvhara, rudzi rwekubvisa kana rudzi rwekubvisa kunyanya nemhando yekubvisa inofanira kugamuchirwa. Kune migodhi ine nhamba yakakura yenzvimbo dzepasi subsidence, uye migodhi isiri nyore kuparadzaniswa pakati peepoust duct nembudzi, kana migodhi yakavhurwa kubva pamhepo yakavhurika kuenda kumugodhi wepasi pevhu, iyo huru yekumanikidza uye kupomba yakasanganiswa mhando kana multi-stage muchina chiteshi chinodzoreka mhando inofanira kugamuchirwa.
Iyo yekuisirwa saiti ye main ventilator kazhinji iri pasi uye inogona zvakare kuiswa pasi pevhu. Kubatsira kwekuiswa pasi ndeyekuti kuiswa, kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa uye kutarisira zviri nyore uye hazvisi nyore kukuvadzwa nenjodzi dzepasi. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuti kuvharwa kwetsime, reverse device uye tunnel yemhepo ine mari yekuvaka yakakwirira uye kupfupika kwemhepo yemhepo; apo mugodhi wakadzika uye chiso chekushanda chiri kure nemhepo huru, kuisa uye kuvaka mari yakakwirira. Kubatsira kweiyo huru ventilator yakaiswa pasi pevhu ndeyekuti iyo huru yekufambisa mudziyo inodonha zvishoma, feni iri padyo nechikamu chemhepo, kuderera kwemhepo kunobuda munzira kunogona kushandisa mhepo yakawanda kana kupera panguva imwe chete, iyo inogona kuderedza kupikisa kwemhepo uye kuvhara zvishoma. Izvo zvisingabatsiri ndezvokuti kuiswa, kuongorora, kutungamira hakuna kunaka, nyore kukuvadzwa nenjodzi dzepasi.
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Nguva yekutumira: Mar-31-2023
