Ⅰ. Kutakura zvinhu zvinokwidziridzwa
1 Kusimudza migodhi
Kukwidza gomba mugodhi inzira yekufambisa matombo, matombo etsvina uye vashandi vekukwidza, zvinhu zvekukwidza nemidziyo ine mimwe michina. Zvichienderana nepfungwa iyi, zvinhu zvekukwidza zvinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri, chimwe ndechekukwidza tambo (wire rope lifting), chimwe ndechekukwidza tambo (sekungebhandi rinotakura zvinhukukwidza, kukwidza kwehydraulic uye kukwidza kwepneumatic, nezvimwewo), pakati pazvo kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwetambo dzesimbi.
1) Kuumbwa kwemidziyo yekusimudza mugodhi
Zvikamu zvikuru zvemidziyo yekusimudza gomba zvinosanganisira mudziyo wekusimudza, tambo yewaya yekusimudza, elevator (kusanganisira mudziyo wekukweva), dhiri redhiri nevhiri repadenga, uye michina yekubatsira pakurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu.
2) Kupatsanurwa kwemidziyo yekukwidza migodhi
(1) Zvichienderana nekurerekera kwemubato, wakakamurwa kuva michina yekusimudza mubato uye michina yekusimudza mubato yakarerekera.
(2) Zvichienderana nerudzi rwemudziyo wekukwidza, unogona kukamurwa kuita michina yekukwidza keji, michina yekukwidza skip, michina yekukwidza skip-cage, michina yekukwidza mabhaketi, uye michina yekukwidza truck truck yeWells dzakanamirwa.
(3) Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwekusimudzira, michina mikuru yekusimudza (yakagadzirwa kana kuti inonyanya kusimudza matombo, inowanzozivikanwawo semidziyo mikuru yekusimudza matsime), michina yekubatsira yekusimudza (matombo ekubvisa marara ekusimudza, vashandi vekusimudza, kutakura zvinhu nemidziyo, nezvimwewo, zvinowanzozivikanwawo semidziyo yekubatsira yekusimudza matsime) uye michina yekubatsira yekusimudza (yakadai seye patio lifti, kugadzirisa nekusimudza, nezvimwewo).
(4) Zvichienderana nerudzi rwechikwidzo, chakakamurwa kuita michina yekukwidza ine tambo imwe chete (ine imwe chetengomauye dhiramu mbiri), michina yekukwidza tambo dzakawanda, michina yekukwidza tambo imwe chete (isichagadzirwi), uye michina yekukwidza tambo dzakawanda.
(5) Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemidziyo yekukwidza, yakakamurwa kuva michina yekukwidza mumudziyo mumwe chete (ine nyundo yekuenzanisa) uye michina yekukwidza mumidziyo miviri.
(6) Zvichienderana nemamiriro ehurongwa hwekusimudza zvinhu, hwakakamurwa kuva michina yekusimudza zvinhu isina kuenzana uye michina yekusimudza zvinhu isina kuenzana.
(7) Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekudhonza, yakakamurwa kuva michina yekukwidza yeAC uye michina yekukwidza yeDC.
3) Sisitimu yekusimudza
(1) Kukwidziridzwa kwemubato netambo imwe chete
Kune migodhi ine kudzika kwetsime pasi pe300m uye dhayamita yedhiramu isingapfuure 3m, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa sisitimu imwe chete yekukwirisa tambo. Kusarudza keji kana skip semudziyo wekukwirisa idambudziko rakakosha mukugadzirwa, iro rinoda kutariswa nekuenzanisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana (kukwirisa tambo dzakawanda kwakafanana).
Kazhinji mukugadzirwa kwehurongwa hwekukwidza, seti mbiri dzemidziyo yekukwidza dzinoshandiswa kuona kuti mugodhi unoburitsa zvinhu uye mamwe mabasa ekusimudza. Mugodhi mukuru iskip yekusimudza dombo, uye mugodhi wekubatsira macage ekupedzisa basa rekukwidza dombo kana kuti main and assistant Wells ese ari macage. Ndeipi nzira inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo emugodhi wega wega. Kana mugodhi wegore negore wakakura, zvakanaka kushandisa main shaft skip, assistant shaft cage kana mugodhi wegore negore uri mudiki kana mhando yedombo iri mhando dzinopfuura mbiri, kana dombo risina kukodzera kupwanywa, zvakanaka kushandisa cage.
Kana nzvimbo ine mazinga akawanda yawedzerwa, keji imwe chete ye "balance hammer" inowanzo shandiswa kuwedzera mumigodhi uko goho risiri guru uye nhanho yekuvandudza iri yakawanda, uye dzimwe nguva seti mbiri dzekeji imwe chete ye "balance hammer" dzinoshandiswa kuona goho.
Kune migodhi ine simba shoma pagore, seti yemidziyo yekukwidza makeji inogona kushandiswa kupedzisa mabasa ese ekusimudza. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune migodhi yakawanda yesimbi isina feri, migodhi isiri yesimbi uye migodhi yenyukireya muChina.
(2) Kukwidziridza shaft ine tambo dzakawanda
Chikwidziridzo che "multi-rope friction elevator" chine mabhenefiti akawanda. Saka, pamusoro pe "multi-rope friction elevator" kana kudzika kwetsime kuri kupfuura 300m pachinzvimbo che "drum dayameter" kupfuura 3m, "multi-rope friction elevator" diki inogona kushandiswawo kutsiva "single-rope winding elevator" ne "drum dayameter" iri pasi pe3m.
Sezvo zvakaoma kugadzirisa urefu hwetambo yewaya, chikwidzo chemidziyo miviri chakakodzera chete padanho rimwe chete rekugadzira. Panguva imwe chete, nekuda kwekushanduka kwetambo yetambo yewaya yekusimudza, sisitimu yekusimudza midziyo miviri inogona kungovimbisa kuti musoro wetsime wakamira zvakanaka panguva chaiyo yekushanda, uye mudziyo uri pasi petsime wakamiswa panzvimbo chaiyo (yekusimudza tambo, kururama kwekupaka hakuna kuoma).
Sisitimu yekusimudza hammer yemudziyo mumwe chete yakakodzera zvakanyanya kumigodhi yekusimudza ine mazinga akawanda. Uye kusimudza hammer yemudziyo mumwe chete kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro eskid yesisitimu yekusimudza tambo dzakawanda. Uyezve, sisitimu yekusimudza hammer yemudziyo mumwe chete haikanganisike nekushanduka kwetambo yewaya, izvo zvinogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti tambo yekupaka yakarurama pamazinga ese ekugadzira, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Kuti pave nekuvandudzwa kwemazinga akawanda nemarudzi anopfuura maviri eore, seti mbiri dzemidziyo yekusimudza mumudziyo mumwe chete uye seti imwe yemudziyo mumwe chete zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvechikamu chekugadzira nekugadzira.
(3) Kusimudza mugero wepamugero
Kukwidziridzwa kwemubato wakatsaurirwa kune zvakanakira zvekuvaka nekukurumidza uye mari shoma. Dambudziko rayo nderekuti kumhanya kwekusimudza kunononoka, kunyanya kana kureba kwakatsaurirwa kuri kukuru, kugona kwekugadzira kuri kushoma, tambo yewaya yakasakara yakakura, uye mari yekugadzirisa wellbore yakakwira. Saka, kusimudza mubato wakatsaurirwa kunonyanya kushandiswa mumigodhi midiki neyepakati (kunze kwekusimudza mabhandi).
Kukwidza kwakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: hook imwe chete nehook mbiri. Zvakanakira zvekuvandudza mayuniti ekuchera hook imwe chete ichikamu chidiki cheshaft, mari shoma yekudyara, mari shoma yekugadzirisa uye kuvandudzwa kuri nyore kwemazinga akawanda. Zvakashata kugona kugadzira kwakaderera uye kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda. Zvakanakira zvekuvandudzwa kwemotokari dzemigodhi yehook mbiri ndekuti dzinoburitsa zvakawanda uye dzinoshandisa simba diki, senge chikamu chehook huru, nzvimbo yakaoma yekurodha nekuburitsa zvinhu, kudyara kwakawanda, izvo zvisingabatsire kuvandudzwa kwemazinga akawanda. Kazhinji, kana mota yehook imwe chete ichishandiswa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira, iyo hook mbiri haishandiswe.
Nekuda kwekudyara mari yakawanda uye nguva yakareba yekuvaka, kana kutsvedza kwemugodhi kwakapinza kuri pasi pe28°, boka remotokari dzemugodhi rinofanira kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Zvisinei, kumhanya kunobvumidzwa kwekutsvedza kwemugodhi kwakapinza kwakakura uye nguva yekupaka ipfupi. Naizvozvo, mumugodhi une simba guru regore negore, hapana saizi yeAngle yekutsvedza. Zvisinei, kana kutsvedza kuri pasi pe18°, bhandi rinogona kushandiswawo.
4) Kudzoreredzwa kwehupfu hwemineral
Kukwidza shaft skip hoisting kunokonzerwa nekuzadzwa kwematombo, kuzadzwa kwematombo kana kubuda kwemvura kwematombo, kusanganiswa kwematombo akanaka kana matope nemvura, uye zvinodonhera pasi petsime nepaburi regedhi, zvichiita kuti matope akawanda aungane, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kwematombo akanaka pasi petsime. Pamusoro pekutora matanho anoshanda ekuderedza kwakabva matombo akanaka, michina yekudzoreredza matombo akanaka inofanirwa kugadzirwa. Nzira dzekudzoreredza matombo akanaka dzine mhando dzakasiyana dzinotevera.
(1) Uchishandisa pasi petsime senzvimbo yekuchengetera hupfu, uchitanga kubva padanho repasi rekubuditsa hupfu hwemugodhi, gadzira mugwagwa nekaburi kadiki kemugodhi) pasi petsime rekuchengetera hupfu. Mushure mekunge tsime rehupfu razadzwa negedhi refunnel, rinosimudzwa uye rinoburitswa nekeji diki (kana tsime diki rakanamira) mubhokisi rekuchengetera hupfu.
(2) Kana tsime rakasanganiswa ratorwa, imba yekuchengetera simbi inoiswa pasi petsime, kubva patangi repasi kuenda kumotokari, uye yakabatana nenzvimbo yekutakurisa simbi inoiswa padivi penzira yekutakurisa simbi inoiswa padivi. Mushure mekunge simbi inoiswa padivi, tangi rinosimudzwa, roiswa mudura remugodhi kana kuti rinosimudza pamusoro zvakananga.
(3) Kana matsime makuru neanobatsira ari pedyo, tsime rekubatsira riri pamberi paro. Mushure mekunge simbi yakacheneswa yatakurwa kubva mudura repasi remugodhi weupfu wetsime guru, mugodhi wekubatsira unosimudzwa woiswa mudura remugodhi weskip, kana kusimudza pamusoro zvakananga.
Pakati penzira nhatu dziri pamusoro apa, nzira yekutanga ndiyo ine huwandu hwakakura hwekuvandudza uye manejimendi haisi nyore, asi inogona kudzivirira dambudziko rekushandisa tambo yemuswe yakaenzana kana nzira yetangi retambo kana tambo yemuswe ichipfuura nemuburi rehupfu munzira mbiri dzekupedzisira.
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Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-03-2023
