Ⅰ. Kunyamula katundu
1 Kukweza mgodi
Kukweza mgodi ndi njira yolumikizirana yonyamulira miyala, miyala ya zinyalala ndi ogwira ntchito zokweza, zipangizo zokwezera ndi zida zokhala ndi zida zina. Malinga ndi mfundo yakuti zipangizo zokwezera zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, limodzi ndi kukweza chingwe (kukweza chingwe), lina ndi kukweza chingwe (mongachonyamulira lambakukweza, kukweza kwa hydraulic ndi kukweza kwa pneumatic, ndi zina zotero), zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukweza chingwe cha waya.
1) Kapangidwe ka zida zokwezera mgodi
Zigawo zazikulu za zida zokwezera mgodi ndi chidebe chokwezera, chingwe cha waya chokwezera, elevator (kuphatikiza chipangizo chokokera), derrick ndi sky wheel, ndi zida zothandizira kukweza ndi kutsitsa.
2) Kugawa zida zokwezera mgodi m'magulu
(1) Malinga ndi momwe shaft imakokerera, imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: zida zokwezera shaft ndi zida zokwezera shaft zopendekera.
(2) Malinga ndi mtundu wa chidebe chokwezera, chingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: zida zokwezera zingwe, zida zokwezera zingwe, zida zokwezera zingwe, zida zokwezera zingwe, ndi zida zokwezera zingwe za zitsime zopendekeka.
(3) Malinga ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito pokweza, zida zazikulu zokwezera (miyala yapadera kapena yokwezera makamaka, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwikanso kuti zida zazikulu zokwezera zitsime), zida zothandizira zokwezera (miyala yotayira zinyalala, ogwira ntchito zokwezera, zonyamulira zipangizo ndi zida, ndi zina zotero, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadziwikanso kuti zida zothandizira zokwezera zitsime) ndi zida zothandizira zokwezera (monga chikepe cha patio, kukonza ndi kukweza, ndi zina zotero).
(4) Malinga ndi mtundu wa chokwezera, chimagawidwa m'zida zokwezera chingwe chimodzi (chili ndi chimodzing'omandi ng'oma ziwiri), zida zokwezera chingwe zozungulira zambiri, zida zokwezera chingwe chimodzi (zomwe sizikupangidwanso), ndi zida zokwezera chingwe zozungulira zambiri.
(5) Malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zotengera zokwezera, zimagawidwa m'zida zokwezera chidebe chimodzi (chokhala ndi nyundo yolinganiza) ndi zida zokwezera chidebe ziwiri.
(6) Malinga ndi momwe dongosolo lokwezera lilili, limagawidwa m'magulu awiri: zida zokwezera zosalinganika komanso zida zokwezera zosalinganika.
(7) Malinga ndi mtundu wa kukoka, imagawidwa m'zida zokwezera AC ndi zida zokwezera DC.
3) Dongosolo lokwezera
(1) Kukweza chingwe chozungulira cha shaft pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chimodzi
Pa migodi yokhala ndi chitsime chozama chochepera 300m ndi mainchesi a ng'oma osapitirira 3m, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yokwezera chingwe. Kusankha khola kapena skip ngati chidebe chokwezera ndi vuto lofunika kwambiri pa kapangidwe kake, lomwe liyenera kutsimikiziridwa poyerekezera zinthu zosiyanasiyana (kukwezera chingwe chokokera chingwe ndi chimodzimodzi).
Kawirikawiri popanga makina okweza, zida ziwiri zokwezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kuti mgodi watuluka ndi kumaliza ntchito zina zonyamula. Chitsime chachikulu ndi skip to wear the ore, ndipo chitsime chothandizira ndi ma cages kuti amalize ntchito yothandizira yokweza kapena ma main and assistant Wells onse ndi ma cages. Njira iti iyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi momwe mgodi uliwonse ulili. Ngati kutulutsa kwa pachaka kwa mgodi kuli kwakukulu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito main shaft skip, assistant shaft cage pamene kutulutsa kwa pachaka kwa mgodi kuli kochepa kapena mtundu wa ore uli ndi mitundu yoposa iwiri, kapena ore si yoyenera kuphwanyidwa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito cage.
Pamene chitoliro cha multi-level chawonjezeka, chitoliro cha balance hammer single cage nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera m'migodi komwe phindu sili lalikulu kwambiri ndipo mulingo wowongolera ndi wokulirapo, ndipo nthawi zina magulu awiri a chitoliro cha balance hammer single cage amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira phindu.
Pa migodi yomwe imatulutsa zinthu zochepa pachaka, zida zokwezera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ponyamula zinthu zonse. Izi ndi zoona pa migodi yambiri yachitsulo yopanda zitsulo, migodi yopanda zitsulo komanso migodi ya nyukiliya ku China.
(2) Kukweza chingwe cha shaft chokhala ndi zingwe zambiri
Chikepe chokokerana cha zingwe zambiri chili ndi ubwino wambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa chikepe chokokerana cha zingwe zambiri pamene kuya kwa chitsime kuli kopitilira 300m m'malo mwa kukula kwa ng'oma kopitilira 3m, chikepe chaching'ono chokokerana cha zingwe zambiri chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito m'malo mwa chikepe chokokerana cha zingwe chimodzi ndi kukula kwa ng'oma kochepera 3m.
Popeza n'zovuta kusintha kutalika kwa chingwe cha waya, chokweza chidebe chawiri chimayenera kupanga gawo limodzi lokha. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chingwe cha waya chokweza, njira yokwezera chidebe chawiri imatha kungotsimikizira malo oimikapo magalimoto molondola pa chitsimecho, ndipo chidebe chomwe chili pansi pa chitsimecho chimayimitsidwa pamalo enieni (pokweza chidebe chawiri, kulondola kwa malo oimikapo magalimoto sikokhwima).
Dongosolo lokwezera nyundo la chidebe chimodzi ndi loyenera kwambiri migodi yokwezera nyundo ya magawo ambiri. Ndipo kukweza nyundo ya chidebe chimodzi kungathandize kuti makina okwezera nyundo azitha kusinthasintha. Kuphatikiza apo, makina okwezera nyundo imodzi sakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa chingwe cha waya, zomwe zingathandize kuti malo oimika magalimoto akhale olondola pamlingo uliwonse wopanga, kotero chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuti pakhale kusintha kwa magawo ambiri ndi mitundu yoposa iwiri ya miyala, zida ziwiri zokwezera nyundo imodzi ndi seti imodzi ya chidebe chimodzi malinga ndi zosowa za kupanga ndi kupanga kwina.
(3) Kukweza shaft yotsetsereka
Kukwezedwa kwa shaft yopendekeka kuli ndi ubwino womanga mwachangu komanso ndalama zochepa. Vuto lake ndilakuti liwiro lokwezera ndi lochepa, makamaka ngati kutalika kopendekeka kuli kwakukulu, mphamvu yopangira ndi yochepa, kusweka kwa chingwe cha waya ndi kwakukulu, komanso mtengo wokonza wellbor ndi wokwera. Chifukwa chake, kukwezera shaft yopendekeka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'migodi yaying'ono ndi yapakatikati (kupatula kukwezera lamba).
Kukweza galimoto kumagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mbedza imodzi ndi mbedza ziwiri. Ubwino wa kukonza mayunitsi a mbedza imodzi ndi gawo laling'ono la shaft, ndalama zochepa, ndalama zochepa zosamalira komanso kukonza kosavuta kwa magawo ambiri. Zoyipa zake ndi mphamvu zochepa zopangira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Ubwino wa kukonza magalimoto a mbedza ziwiri ndi kutulutsa kwakukulu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, monga gawo lalikulu la shaft, malo ovuta okweza ndi kutsitsa katundu, ndalama zambiri, zomwe sizingathandize kukonza malevel ambiri. Nthawi zambiri, galimoto ya mbedza imodzi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopanga, mbedza ziwiri sizigwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chifukwa cha ndalama zambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yomanga, pamene kupendekera kwa shaft yopendekera kuli kochepera 28°, gulu la magalimoto a migodi liyenera kuvomerezedwa momwe zingathere. Komabe, liwiro lovomerezeka la kupendekera kwa shaft yopendekera ndi lalikulu ndipo nthawi yoyimitsa magalimoto ndi yochepa. Chifukwa chake, mu mgodi wokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu pachaka, palibe kukula kwa ngodya yopendekera. Komabe, pamene kupendekera kuli kochepera 18°, chonyamulira lamba chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
4) Kubwezeretsa ufa wa mchere
Kukwezedwa kwa shaft skip hoisting kumachitika chifukwa cha kudzazidwa kwa miyala, kudzazidwa kwa miyala kapena kutuluka kwa madzi kwa miyala, kusakanikirana kwa miyala kapena matope ndi madzi, ndikutuluka pansi pa chitsime kudzera mumpata wa chipata, ndikupanga matope ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyala yosalala isungidwe pansi pa chitsime. Kuphatikiza pa kutenga njira zothandiza kuchepetsa gwero la miyala yosalala, zipangizo zobwezeretsera miyala ziyenera kupangidwa. Njira zobwezeretsera miyala yosalala zili ndi mitundu ingapo yotsatirayi.
(1) Pogwiritsa ntchito pansi pa chitsime ngati malo osungiramo ufa, kuyambira pamlingo wotsika kwambiri wotulutsira madzi a shaft, kukumba msewu ndi shaft yaying'ono ya mgodi wa khola) pansi pa chitsime chosungiramo ufa. Chitsime chosungiramo ufa chikadzazitsidwa ndi chipata cha funnel, chimakwezedwa ndikutsitsidwa ndi khola laling'ono (kapena chitsime chaching'ono chopendekeka) kupita ku malo osungiramo ufa.
(2) Pamene chitsime chosakanizacho chagwiritsidwa ntchito, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa imayikidwa pansi pa chitsimecho, kuchokera pansi pa thanki kupita ku galimoto, ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi malo onyamulira katundu a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa ndi njira yam'mbali. Pambuyo poti ufawo wanyamulidwa, thankiyo imakwezedwa, kutumizidwa ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa kapena kukweza pamwamba mwachindunji.
(3) Zitsime zazikulu ndi zothandizira zikayandikira, chitsime chothandizira chimakhala patsogolo pake pamlingo umodzi. Pambuyo poti miyala yosalala yanyamulidwa kuchokera pansi pa mgodi wa ufa wa chitsime chachikulu, shaft yothandizira imakwezedwa ndikutsitsidwa mu mgodi wa skip mine, kapena kukweza pamwamba mwachindunji.
Mwa njira zitatu zomwe zili pamwambapa, njira yoyamba ndi yokulirapo kwambiri ndipo kasamalidwe kake sikophweka, koma ikhoza kupewa kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha mchira cholinganizidwa kapena msewu wa thanki ya chingwe pamene chingwe cha mchira kapena chingwe cha thanki chikudutsa mu bunker ya ufa m'njira ziwiri zomaliza.
Webusaiti:https://www.sinocoalition.com/
Email: sale@sinocoalition.com
Foni: +86 15640380985
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-03-2023
