Ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile beimishini yezimayinieShayina kuyavuthwa kancane kancane. Muva nje, uMnyango Wezokuphathwa Kwezimo Eziphuthumayo kanye Nokuphathwa Kwezokuphepha Kwezimayini Kahulumeni bakhiphe "uHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lweshumi Nane Lokuphepha Kokukhiqiza Izimayini" oluhlose ukuvimbela nokunciphisa izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Lolu hlelo lukhiphe ikhathalogi ebalulekile ye-R&D yezinhlobo ezingu-38 zamarobhothi okumba amalahle ezigabeni ezi-5, futhi lwakhuthaza ukwakhiwa kobuso bokusebenza kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile ezingu-494 ezimayini zamalahle ezweni lonke, futhi lwasebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezingu-19 zamarobhothi ahlobene nokukhiqizwa kwezimayini zamalahle. Esikhathini esizayo, ukukhiqizwa kokuphepha kwezimayini kuzoqala indlela entsha yokumba ehlakaniphile "yokuhambahamba nokungaqashwa".
Ukutholwa kwezimayini okuhlakaniphile kuyathandwa kancane kancane
Kusukela kulo nyaka, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kanye nentengo, kuholele ekukhuleni kwenani elengeziwe lemboni yezimayini. Kwikota yesibili, inani elengeziwe lemboni yezimayini lenyuke ngo-8.4% unyaka nonyaka, kanti izinga lokukhula kwezimayini zamalahle kanye nemboni yokuwasha lalingaphezu kwezinombolo eziphindwe kabili, zombili ezazishesha kakhulu kunokukhula kwezimboni ngaphezu kwazo zonke izikali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokukhula lokukhiqizwa kwamalahle aluhlaza lashesha, ngamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.19 amalahle aluhlaza akhiqizwa engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, enyuke ngo-11.0% unyaka nonyaka. NgoJuni, kwakhiqizwa amathani ayizigidi ezingu-380 amalahle aluhlaza, enyuke ngo-15.3% unyaka nonyaka, amaphuzu angu-5.0% ngokushesha kunangoMeyi. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kohlelo,imishini yokumbaImboni isenendawo eqinile emakethe. Imboni yezimayini ibilokhu ihlola izixazululo zokuthuthukisa indawo yokusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali. Ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kwe-5G, i-cloud computing, i-big data, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha, umqondo wokufika kancane kancane kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile kanye nezinye izinto uletha amathuba entuthuko engeziwe embonini yemishini yezimayini. Ukuze kufezwe ukuthengwa kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile okusheshayo, uhlelo luthi iShayina izoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukususwa kwamandla okukhiqiza angemuva. Ngokusebenzisa ukugunyazwa kanye nokumaketha, sizokhuthaza ukususwa kanye nokuhoxiswa kwamandla okukhiqiza angemuva ngezinhlobo, izinsuku zokugcina kanye nezilinganiso, futhi sikhuthaze ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko yezinqubomgomo kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zokususwa kwamandla okukhiqiza angemuva ezimayini. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuthengwa kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile kuyathandwa kancane kancane eShayina, futhi imishini ehlakaniphile ivumela izimayini eziningi ukuthi "zingene futhi ziphume ngomshini". Kuze kube manje, iShayina yakhe ubuso bokusebenza bokuqoqa obuhlakaniphile obungu-982 ezimayini zamalahle, futhi izokwakha ubuso bokusebenza bokuthola obuhlakaniphile obungu-1200-1400 ekupheleni kwalonyaka. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngemva kweminyaka emibili yokwakha, inethiwekhi kazwelonke yokuthola ukuphepha kwezimayini zamalahle isisunguliwe, futhi isimo sokukhiqizwa kokuphepha kwezimayini zamalahle ezingaphezu kuka-3000 sesiqoqene eBeijing, esingabona ngokuguquguqukayo, siqonde ngesikhathi sangempela futhi sixwayise ngokushesha noma iyiphi inhlekelele yemayini yamalahle, futhi sidlale indima enkulu ekukhiqizweni kokuphepha kwamalahle eShayina. Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe bemishini, uhlelo luphakamisa ukujulisa ucwaningo lwesayensi mayelana nendlela yokwenzeka kwezinhlekelele ezinkulu kanye nezingozi zokuxhuma, futhi lugxile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zobuchwepheshe nemishini ebalulekile njengesixwayiso sokuqala sengozi enkulu yokuphepha, ukuqapha okunamandla nokubona, isixwayiso sokuqala esisebenzayo kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile kanye nokuvimbela nokulawula. Qinisa ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bezimayini ezihlakaniphile, ugxile ekudluleni ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile nemishini evimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile, njengokuhlola okunembile kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlonza i-ore kanye namadwala, i-geology esobala, ukubeka imishini ngendlela enembile, ukumbiwa okuhlakaniphile okuphelele kanye nokumbiwa okusheshayo ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, izixhumanisi zokuhamba ezisizayo ezingenamuntu, izindawo ezihleliwe ezingenamuntu noma ezingenamuntu, futhi uthuthukise izinga lesethi ephelele kanye nendawo yemishini ehlakaniphile.
Amathuba ezinseleleni zesixhumanisi esibuthakathaka
Ukuhlela kuchaza nokuxhumana okubuthakathaka kwamanje kokumba okuhlakaniphile kanye nokumba. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuguqulwa kwamandla kuletha izinselelo ezinkulu ekuphepheni kwezimayini, ikakhulukazi ukushoda kwemishini yokumba. Njengamanje, kukhona igebe elikhulu phakathi kobuningi bamarobhothi kanye nezinga elijwayelekile kwamanye amazwe. Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezinto ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe obusha, izinqubo ezintsha kanye nemishini emisha kulethe ukungaqiniseki okusha ekuphepheni kokukhiqiza. Ingozi yenhlekelele iba nkulu kakhulu ngokwanda kokujula kwezimayini. Ucwaningo mayelana nendlela yokuqhuma kwegesi yemayini yamalahle, ukuqhuma kwamatshe nezinye izinhlekelele aluzange lwenze intuthuko, futhi ikhono lokusungula izinto ezintsha elizimele lobuchwepheshe obubalulekile kanye nemishini kudingeka lithuthukiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimayini ezingezona zamalahle akulingani, inani eliphelele lezimayini likhulu, kanti izinga lokusetshenziswa kwemishini liphansi. Lithintwa yimithombo, ubuchwepheshe kanye nobukhulu, izinga eliphelele lokusetshenziswa kwemishini yezimayini zensimbi nezingezona zensimbi eShayina liphansi. Kodwa lezi zinselele ziletha namathuba amasha ekwenzeni ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nesakhiwo sokukhiqiza. Ngokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuqedwa kanye nokuhoxiswa kwamandla okukhiqiza angemuva kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi isakhiwo sezimboni sezimayini siye sathuthukiswa njalo. Ukuthatha izimayini ezinkulu zamalahle zesimanje ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuphepha njengomzimba oyinhloko sekuyindlela yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamalahle. Isakhiwo sezimboni zezimayini ezingezona zamalahle siye sathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngokususa, ukuvala, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlela kabusha kanye nokuthuthukisa. Amandla okukhiqiza ukuphepha kwemayini kanye namandla okuvimbela nokulawula izinhlekelele aqiniswe kakhulu, okuletha amandla ekuzinzeni kokukhiqizwa kokuphepha kwemayini. Umjikelezo omusha wenguquko yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuguqulwa kwezimboni kuyashesha. Inani elikhulu lemishini yobuchwepheshe ethuthukisiwe njengokumbiwa kwemayini kanye nokukhiqiza, ukuvimbela izinhlekelele kanye nokulawula kuye kwasetshenziswa kabanzi, kanti ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ingozi yokuphepha kuye kwathuthukiswa njalo. Ngokuhlanganiswa okujulile kwesizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bolwazi njenge-5G, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nokubalwa kwamafu nemayini, imishini ehlakaniphile namarobhothi kuye kwasetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi ijubane lokwakhiwa kwemishini ehlakaniphile liye lashesha, futhi ukumbiwa okuncane noma okungenamuntu kuye kwaba ngokoqobo kancane kancane, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kuye kwanikeza ugqozi olusha ekukhiqizweni kokuphepha kwemayini.
I-5G ihola indlela entsha yokumba
Kulokhu kuhlela, ubuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa kwe-5G kanye nokwakha buthandwa kakhulu ngamabhizinisi amaningi. Uma sibheka ukumba eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwesimo se-5G akuvamile. Isibonelo, iSany Smart Mining Technology Co., Ltd. kanye neTencent Cloud bafinyelele ekubambisaneni okunesu ngo-2021. Lokhu kokugcina kuzosekela ngokugcwele ukwakhiwa kwesicelo se-5G seSany Smart Mining ezimayini ezihlakaniphile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CITIC Heavy Industries, inkampani ehamba phambili yokukhiqiza imishini, yakhe futhi yaqeda ipulatifomu ye-inthanethi embonini yemishini yezimayini ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bepulatifomu ye-5G kanye ne-inthanethi yezimboni, ithembele ekuqongeleleni kwayo okujulile ekuhlolweni kwezimbiwa, ucwaningo nentuthuko yomkhiqizo, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, izinsizakalo zokusebenza nokugcinwa, ukwenza ngcono izinqubo kanye nedatha enkulu yezimboni. Muva nje, uGe Shirong, isazi seLungu le-CAE, wahlaziya “eNgqungqutheleni Yomhlaba ye-5G ka-2022” futhi wayekholelwa ukuthi ukumbiwa kwamalahle eShayina kuzongena esigabeni sobuhlakani ngo-2035. UGe Shirong uthe kusukela ekumbeni okunabantu kuye ekumbeni okunganamuntu, kusukela ekushiseni okuqinile kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwegesi noketshezi, kusukela enkambisweni kagesi namalahle kuya ekuhlanzeni nasekusebenziseni ikhabhoni ephansi, kusukela ekulimaleni kwemvelo kuya ekwakhiweni kabusha kwemvelo. Lezi zixhumanisi ezine zihlobene eduze nokuxhumana okuhlakaniphile nokusebenza kahle. Njengesizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana beselula, i-5G inezinzuzo eziningi, njengokulibaziseka okuphansi, umthamo omkhulu, isivinini esiphezulu nokunye. Ngaphezu kokudluliswa komsindo nevidiyo kwendabuko okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwesicelo senethiwekhi ye-5G ezimayini kuhilela nezidingo zesistimu yokuthumela ehlakaniphile enganamuntu, i-cloud computing kanye nenani elikhulu lokudluliswa kwesithombe esingenantambo okunencazelo ephezulu. Kungabikezelwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwesikhathi esizayo kwezimayini ezihlakaniphile “ezingenamuntu” kuzoba okuphephile futhi okusebenzayo ngokusekelwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G.
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Email: sale@sinocoalition.com
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-02-2023
