Kwimigodi yamalahle, eyona nto iphambiliiibhanti zokuhambisaezifakwe kwiindlela eziphambili ezithe tyaba kakhulu zihlala zifumana ukugcwala kwamalahle, ukuchitheka, kunye nokuwa kwamalahle ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi xa kuthuthwa amalahle aluhlaza anomthamo ophezulu wokufuma, apho ukuchitheka kwamalahle imihla ngemihla kunokufikelela kumashumi ukuya kumakhulu eetoni. Amalahle achithekileyo kufuneka acocwe, nto leyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko. Ukujongana noku, itanki yokugcina amanzi ifakwa entlokweni yebhanti yokuhambisa ukuze kucocwe amalahle achithekileyo. Ngexesha lokusebenza, ivalvu yesango yetanki yokugcina amanzi ivulwa ngesandla ukuze kukhutshelwe amalahle athambileyo emsileni we-conveyor, apho acocwa khona ngumthwali. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobuninzi bamanzi akhutshelwayo, amalahle athambileyo amaninzi, ukucocwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokusondela kwamalahle athambileyo kwi-sump, amalahle athambileyo adla ngokukhutshelwa ngqo kwi-sump. Ngenxa yoko, i-sump ifuna ukucocwa kube kanye ngenyanga, okukhokelela kwimiba efana nobunzima bomsebenzi, ubunzima ekucoceni i-sump, kunye neengozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko.
1 Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zokuchitheka kwamalahle
1.1 Izizathu eziphambili zokuchitheka kwamalahle
Okokuqala, i-engile enkulu yokuthambekela kunye nesantya esiphezulu somthumeli; okwesibini, iindawo ezingalinganiyo kwiindawo ezininzi emzimbeni womthumeli, okubangela "ibhanti ukuba intante" kwaye kubangele ukuchitheka kwamalahle.
1.2 Ubunzima ekucoceni iSump
Okokuqala, ivalvu yesango evulwa ngesandla yetanki yokugcina amanzi idla ngokuba nomgangatho wokuvula ongaqhelekanga, nto leyo ekhokelela kumthamo wamanzi okuhlamba kakhulu. Ngokomyinge, amanzi angama-800 m³ omdaka wamalahle agutyungelwa kwi-sump ngalo lonke ixesha. Okwesibini, umgangatho ongalinganiyo wesixhobo esiphambiliibhendi yokuthuthaIndlela ibangela ukuba amalahle aqukuqelane kwiindawo ezisezantsi ngaphandle kokutsalwa kwenkunkuma ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo evumela amanzi ukuba athwale amalahle aqukuqelane aye kwi-sump kwaye oku kukhokelela ekucoceni rhoqo. Okwesithathu, amalahle aqukuqelayo emsileni we-conveyor awacocwa ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba atsalwe kwi-sump ngexesha lokucoca. Okwesine, umgama omfutshane phakathi komsila we-conveyor yebhanti ephambili kunye ne-sump uvumela amanzi amdaka amalahle angenalo utsalo oluneleyo lokungena kwi-sump. Okwesihlanu, amalahle aqukuqelayo aneziqwenga ezinkulu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kwi-excavator ehambayo (exhotyiswe ngepompo yodaka) ukuba iqokelele izinto ngokufanelekileyo kwicala elingaphambili ngexesha lokucoca i-sump. Oku kubangela ukusebenza okuphantsi, ukuguguleka okukhulu kwepompo yodaka, kwaye kufuna ukucocwa ngesandla okanye ngokusekwe kwi-loader kwicala elingaphambili le-sump, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni abasebenzi basebenze nzima kwaye bacoceke kancinci.
2 Uyilo lweNkqubo yokuNyanga ukuchitheka kwamalahle eeBhanti
2.1 Uphando lweSikimu kunye neMilinganiselo
(1) Nangona i-engile yokuthambekela ethe tye ye-conveyor yebhanti ingenakutshintshwa, isantya sayo sokusebenza sinokulungiswa ngokusekelwe kumthamo wamalahle. Isisombululo siquka ukufaka isikali sebhanti kumthombo wokondla ukuze kujongwe umthamo wamalahle kwaye kubonelelwe ngempendulo ngexesha langempela kwinkqubo yolawulo. Oku kuvumela ukulungiswa kwesantya sokusebenza se-conveyor yebhanti ephambili ukunciphisa isantya kunye nokunciphisa ukuchitheka kwamalahle.
(2) Ukujongana nomba "wokudada kwebhanti" okubangelwa yimiphezulu engalinganiyo kwiindawo ezininzi ecaleni komzimba wokuhambisa, amanyathelo aquka ukulungisa umzimba wokuhambisa kunye nendlela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhanti ihamba kumgca othe tye. Ukongeza, kufakelwa izixhobo zoxinzelelo ukuze kusonjululwe umba "wokudada kwebhanti" kunye nokunciphisa ukuchitheka kwamalahle.
2.2 Inkqubo yokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo ekupheleni komsila usebenzisa iLoader
(1) Isikrini serola kunye nesikrini sokungcangcazela esisebenza rhoqo kakhulu zifakelwe ekupheleni komva webhanti. Isikrini serola siqokelela kwaye sihlele amalahle achithekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo. Izinto ezincinci zihlanjwa ngamanzi ziye kwisicoci sesump sohlobo lwe-scraper, ngelixa izinto ezinkulu kakhulu zithunyelwa kwisikrini sokungcangcazela esisebenza rhoqo kakhulu. Nge-transfer belt conveyor, izinto zithunyelwa kwakhona kwi-mainibhendi yokuthuthaIzinto ezincinci ezivela kwisikrini esingcangcazelayo esijikelezayo ziphuma ngamandla ombane ziye kwisicoci se-sump sohlobo lwe-scraper.
(2) Amanzi amdaka amalahle ahamba ngamandla agqithisileyo ukuya kwisicoci se-sump sohlobo lwe-scraper, apho amasuntswana arhabaxa amakhulu kune-0.5 mm akhutshwa ngqo kwi-transfer belt conveyor. Amanzi agqithisileyo avela kwisicoci se-sump sohlobo lwe-scraper ahamba ngamandla agqithisileyo aye kwitanki yokunyibilikisa.
(3) Ireyili kunye ne-electric hoist zifakelwe ngaphezulu kwetanki ye-sedimentation. Ipompo ye-sludge ephoqelekileyo enoxinzelelo olukhulu ifakwa ngaphakathi kwitanki ye-sedimentation kwaye ihambahamba isiya phambili nangasemva ukuhambisa i-sludge ehleli ezantsi iye kwi-high-pressure filter press. Emva kokuhluzwa yi-high-pressure filter press, ikhekhe lamalahle likhutshwa kwi-transfer belt conveyor, ngelixa amanzi e-filtrate ehamba ngamandla angaphantsi komhlaba aye kwi-sump.
2.3 Iimpawu zeNkqubo yokuNyanga ukuchitheka kwamalahle
(1) Le nkqubo ilawula ngokuzenzekelayo isantya sokusebenza kwebhanti ephambili ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuchitheka kwamalahle kwaye ijongane nomba "webhanti edadayo". Ilawula ngobuchule ivalvu yesango yetanki yokugcina amanzi, inciphisa umthamo wamanzi ahlanjwayo. Ukufakwa kweepleyiti zepolyethylene ezinobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu kumgangatho wendlela kunciphisa umthamo wamanzi ahlanjwayo ofunekayo. Umthamo wamanzi ahlanjwayo ngokusebenza ngakunye uncitshiswa ukuya kwi-200 m³, ukwehla ngama-75%, okunciphisa ubunzima bokucoca i-sump kunye nomthamo wokukhupha amanzi emgodini.
(2) Isikrini esijikelezayo esisekupheleni komsila siqokelela ngokupheleleyo, sihlele, kwaye sihambise izinto, sibeka amasuntswana arhabaxa amakhulu kune-10 mm. Izinto ezincinci zihamba ngamandla ombane ziye kwisicoci se-sump sohlobo lwe-scraper.
(3) Isikrini sokungcangcazela esisebenza rhoqo siyawucoca umbane emalahleni, sinciphise ukufuma kwelahle eliqhumayo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwibhanti ephambili ethe nkqo kwaye kunciphisa ukuchitheka kwamalahle.
(4) I-Coal slurry igeleza ngamandla omhlaba iye kwiyunithi yokukhupha i-scraper ngaphakathi kwitanki yokuhlalisa. Ngesixhobo sayo sokuvala ipleyiti ebekwe ngaphakathi kwi-honeycomb. Amasuntswana amalahle amakhulu kune-0.5 mm ahluzwa aze akhutshwe ngesixhobo sokukhupha i-scraper kwi-transfer belt conveyor. Amanzi agqithisileyo avela kwi-scraper-type sump cleaner ageleza aye kwi-sedimentation tank yangasemva. I-scraper-type sump cleaner iphatha amasuntswana amalahle amakhulu kune-0.5 mm, isombulula imiba efana nokuguguleka kwelaphu lesihluzo kunye neekhekhe zesihluzo "ezinezingqimba" kwi-filter press enoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
3 Iingenelo kunye nexabiso
3.1 Iingenelo zoqoqosho
(1) Le nkqubo ivumela ukusebenza ngaphantsi komhlaba ngaphandle kwabasebenzi, inciphisa abasebenzi ngabantu abangama-20 kwaye igcina malunga ne-CNY yezigidi ezi-4 kwiindleko zomsebenzi zonyaka.
(2) Isicoci se-sump sohlobo lwe-scraper sisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo ngemijikelo yokuqalisa-yokumisa yeyure e-1-2 ngomjikelo ngamnye kunye nexesha lokusebenza lemizuzu emi-2 kuphela ngokusebenza, nto leyo ebangela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokutsala zemveli, sigcina malunga ne-CNY yezigidi ezi-1 kwiindleko zombane ngonyaka.
(3) Ngale nkqubo, ngamasuntswana amancinci kuphela angena kwi-sump. La masuntswana akhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo kusetyenziswa iimpompo ezinezigaba ezininzi ngaphandle kokuvaleka okanye ukutsha kwempompo, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zokugcina malunga ne-CNY yezigidi ezi-1 ngonyaka.
3.2 Iingenelo zeNtlalo
Le nkqubo ithatha indawo yokucoca ngesandla, inciphisa amandla abasebenzi kubasebenzi kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokugrumba. Ngokulungisa amasuntswana arhabaxa, inciphisa ukuguguleka kweepompo zodaka ezilandelayo kunye neepompo ezinezigaba ezininzi, inciphisa amazinga okusilela kwepompo kwaye yandise ubomi bayo benkonzo. Ukucoca ngexesha langempela kwandisa amandla asebenzayo esump, kususa imfuneko yeesump ezimiyo, kwaye kwandisa ukumelana nezikhukula. Ngolawulo oluphakathi oluvela kumphezulu kunye nemisebenzi engaphantsi komhlaba engenabantu, iingozi zokhuseleko zincitshiswa kakhulu, zibonelela ngeenzuzo eziphawulekayo kuluntu.
4 Isiphelo
Inkqubo ebanzi yonyango lokuchitheka kwamalahle kwindawo ephambiliibhendi yokuthuthailula, iyasebenza, inokuthenjwa, kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyilawula. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngempumelelo kuye kwajongana ngempumelelo nemingeni yokucoca ukuchitheka kwamalahle kwiibhanti eziphambili ezithwele imiqolomba kunye nokukhupha umngxuma ongasemva. Le nkqubo ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa ikwasombulula neengozi zokhuseleko ezingaphantsi komhlaba, ibonisa amandla amakhulu okukhuthaza nokufaka isicelo ngokubanzi.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-22-2025
