Mu birombe by'amakara, imiyoboro minini yashizwe mu mihanda minini ihanamye cyane ikunze guhura n’amakara, isuka, ndetse n’amakara agwa mu gihe cyo gutwara. Ibi bigaragarira cyane cyane iyo gutwara amakara mbisi arimo ubuhehere bwinshi, aho isuka yamakara ya buri munsi ishobora kugera kuri toni icumi kugeza kuri magana. Amakara yamenetse agomba gusukurwa, bigira ingaruka kumikorere n'umutekano. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, hashyizweho ikigega cyo kubika amazi ku mutwe wa convoyeur umukandara kugira ngo usukure amakara yamenetse. Mugihe cyo gukora, amarembo yikigega cyo kubika amazi arakingurwa nintoki kugirango asukure amakara areremba kumurizo wa convoyeur, aho asukurwa nuwabitwaye. Nyamara, kubera ubwinshi bwamazi atemba, amakara areremba cyane, gusukura bidatinze, hamwe no kuba hafi yamakara areremba kumasuka, amakara areremba akenshi ajugunywa mumazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, isuka isaba isuku rimwe mu kwezi, biganisha ku bibazo nk’umurimo mwinshi w’umurimo, ingorane zo gusukura imyanda, ndetse n’umutekano muke.
1 Isesengura ryibitera amakara
1.1 Impamvu nyamukuru zitera amakara
Ubwa mbere, inguni nini ihindagurika n'umuvuduko mwinshi wa convoyeur; icya kabiri, ubuso butaringaniye ahantu henshi hafi yumubiri wa convoyeur, bigatera "umukandara ureremba" bikavamo amakara yamenetse.
1.2 Ingorane zo Gusukura
Ubwa mbere, intoki zafunguwe nintoki yikigega cyo kubika amazi akenshi zifite impamyabumenyi yo gufungura uko bishakiye, biganisha kumazi menshi. Ugereranije, m³ 800 z'amazi y'amakara atwarwa mu isuka buri gihe. Icya kabiri, igorofa itaringaniye yumuhanda munini uhuza umukandara utera amakara areremba yegeranya ahantu hacuramye hatarimo ubutayu bwihuse, bigatuma amazi atwara amakara areremba mumasuka bikaviramo isuku kenshi. Icya gatatu, amakara areremba kumurizo wa convoyeur ntabwo asukurwa vuba cyangwa neza, bigatuma ajugunywa mumasuka mugihe cyo gukaraba. Icya kane, intera ngufi hagati yumurizo wa convoyeur nyamukuru hamwe na sump ituma amakara atemba yamakara hamwe nubutaka budahagije bwinjira mumasuka. Icya gatanu, amakara areremba arimo umubare munini wibice binini, bigatuma bigora imashini icukura (ifite pompe yicyondo) gukusanya ibikoresho neza kumpera yimbere mugihe cyo gusukura. Ibi bivamo imikorere mike, kwambara cyane pompe yicyondo, kandi bikenera isuku yintoki cyangwa umutwaro ushingiye kumpera yimbere ya sump, biganisha kumurimo mwinshi no gukora isuku nke.
2 Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo kuvura amakara yuzuye kubatwara umukandara
2.1 Gahunda yubushakashatsi ningamba
. Igisubizo kirimo gushiraho umukandara ku isoko yo kugaburira kugirango ukurikirane ingano yamakara kandi utange ibitekerezo-nyabyo kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Ibi bituma uhindura umuvuduko wimikorere ya convoyeur nyamukuru kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko no kugabanya amakara yamenetse.
. Byongeye kandi, ibyuma byerekana ingufu byashyizweho kugirango bikemure ikibazo cy '"umukandara ureremba" no kugabanya isuka ry’amakara.
2.2 Sisitemu yo Gukora Automatic Sisitemu kumurizo wanyuma ukoresheje Loader
. Mugaragaza ya ecran ihita ikusanya kandi igashyira amakara yamenetse. Ibikoresho bidashyizwe munsi bisukurwa namazi kumashanyarazi asukuye, mugihe ibikoresho birenze urugero bigezwa kuri ecran yumurongo mwinshi. Binyuze mu kwimura umukandara, ibikoresho byoherejwe gusubira mu mukandara mukuru. Ibikoresho bidafite umurongo biva kumurongo mwinshi wa vibrasi ya ecran itembera hamwe na gravit kuri scraper-type sump cleaner.
. Amazi arengerwa avuye mu bwoko bwa sraper yo mu bwoko bwa sumper atemba akurura imbaraga mu kigega.
(3) Gari ya moshi hamwe no kuzamura amashanyarazi byashyizwe hejuru yikigega. Pompe iremereye cyane ya pompe yamashanyarazi hamwe nuburakari ishyirwa mubigega byimyanda hanyuma ikagenda isubira inyuma kugirango itwarwe umwanda utuye hepfo kugeza kumashini yumuvuduko mwinshi. Nyuma yo kuyungurura imashini yungurura umuvuduko mwinshi, cake yamakara isohorwa kumuyoboro wa transfert, mugihe amazi yo kuyungurura atembera muburemere.
2.3 Ibiranga sisitemu yo kuvura amakara yuzuye
. Igenzura mubwenge kugenzura irembo ryikigega cyo kubika amazi, kugabanya ubwinshi bwamazi atemba. Kwishyiriraho plaque ya polyethylene ifite uburemere buke cyane hejuru yumuhanda bikagabanya ubwinshi bwamazi asabwa. Amazi atemba kuri buri gikorwa yagabanutse kugera kuri 200 m³, kugabanuka 75%, bikagabanya ingorane zo gusukura imyanda nubunini bwamazi ya mine.
. Ibikoresho bidafite umurongo bitembera hamwe nuburemere bwubwoko bwa scraper.
. Ibi byorohereza ubwikorezi kumuyoboro munini uhengamye kandi bigabanya isuka ryamakara.
. Binyuze mu buki bwimbere bwibikoresho byimeza. Ibice bito byamakara arenze mm 0,5 birashyirwa mu byiciro hanyuma bigasohoka hifashishijwe igikoresho gisohora ibikoresho ku cyerekezo cyoherejwe. Amazi arengerwa ava mumashanyarazi yo mu bwoko bwa sumper asukuye atembera mumatara yinyuma. Ubwoko bwa scraper bwo mu bwoko bwa sumper bukora uduce duto twinshi twamakara arenze mm 0,5, tugakemura ibibazo nko kwambara imyenda yo kuyungurura hamwe nudutsima twa "gatsiko" muyungurura umuvuduko mwinshi.
3 Inyungu n'agaciro
3.1 Inyungu zubukungu
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. Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo byo gucukura, bizigama amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 1 yumuriro w'amashanyarazi buri mwaka.
(3) Hamwe niyi sisitemu, gusa ibice byiza byinjira muri sump. Ibi bivomwa neza ukoresheje pompe nyinshi zidafunze cyangwa ngo ziveho, bigabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga hafi miliyoni 1 yama CNY kumwaka.
3.2 Inyungu rusange
Sisitemu isimbuza intoki intoki, igabanya imbaraga zumurimo kubakozi no kunoza imikorere yo gucukura. Mugutunganya uduce duto duto, bigabanya kwambara no kurira kuri pompe zibyondo hamwe na pompe nyinshi, kugabanya igipimo cyo kunanirwa kwa pompe no kongera ubuzima bwabo. Isuku mugihe nyacyo yongerera ubushobozi bwiza bwa sump, ikuraho ibikenerwa byo guhagarara neza, kandi byongera imyuzure. Hamwe nubugenzuzi bwibanze buturutse hejuru hamwe nubutaka butagira abapilote, ibikorwa byumutekano biragabanuka cyane, bitanga inyungu zidasanzwe mubuzima.
4 Umwanzuro
Sisitemu yuzuye yo gutunganya amakara kumashanyarazi nyamukuru iroroshye, ifatika, yizewe, kandi yoroshye gukora no gucunga. Gushyira mu bikorwa neza byakemuye neza imbogamizi zo gusukura amakara ku miyoboro minini ihanamye cyane no gucukura imyanda yinyuma. Sisitemu ntabwo itezimbere imikorere gusa ahubwo ikemura ibibazo byumutekano muke, byerekana imbaraga zikomeye zo kuzamura no gushyira mubikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-22-2025
