Mu birombe by'amakara, ingenziamasosiyete atwara imikandaraIshyirwa mu mihanda minini ihengamye ikunze guhura n’amakara menshi, amakara akameneka, ndetse n’amakara akagwa mu gihe cyo gutwara. Ibi bigaragara cyane iyo utwaye amakara mabi afite ubushuhe bwinshi, aho amakara yameneka buri munsi ashobora kugera kuri toni mirongo kugeza kuri amagana. Amakara yamenetse agomba gusukurwa, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku mikorere myiza n’umutekano. Kugira ngo ibi bikemuke, ikigega cyo kubika amazi gishyirwa ku mutwe w’ikigega cyo kohereza amakara yamenetse. Mu gihe cyo gukora, valve y’irembo ry’ikigega cyo kubika amazi ifungurwa n’intoki kugira ngo amakara areremba agere ku murizo w’ikigega cyo kohereza amakara, aho asukurwa n’icyuma gitwara amazi. Ariko, bitewe n’amazi menshi asohoka, amakara menshi areremba, gusukurwa ku gihe, ndetse no kuba amakara areremba yegereye ikigega, amakara areremba akunze gusukurwa mu kigega. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ikigega gisaba gusukurwa rimwe mu kwezi, bigatera ibibazo nko gukora cyane, kugorwa no gusukura ikigega, n’ibyago bikomeye by’umutekano.
1 Isesengura ry'impamvu zitera kwangirika kw'amakara
1.1 Impamvu nyamukuru zitera amakara gusenyuka
Ubwa mbere, inguni nini yo kuzenguruka n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'icyuma gitwara ibintu; icya kabiri, ubuso budahuje ahantu henshi ku gice cy'umubiri w'icyuma gitwara ibintu, bigatuma "umukandara ureremba" bigatera kwangirika kw'amakara.
1.2 Ingorane mu gusukura amasumo
Ubwa mbere, imvange y'irembo ry'ikigega cyo kubika amazi ifunguye n'intoki akenshi iba ifite ubushobozi bwo gufungura amazi mu buryo butunguranye, bigatuma amazi asohoka cyane. Ugereranyije, metero 800 z'amazi y'amakara asukwa mu mwobo buri gihe. Icya kabiri, hasi hadahuje neza h'umuyoboro mukuruumukandara w'umukandaraUmuhanda utuma amakara areremba yirundanya mu bice biri hasi nta gushonga ku gihe, bigatuma amazi ajyana amakara areremba mu mwobo bigatuma asukurwa kenshi. Icya gatatu, amakara areremba ku murizo w'umuyoboro w'amazi ntasukurwa vuba cyangwa neza, bigatuma asukwa mu mwobo mu gihe cyo gusukura. Icya kane, intera ngufi hagati y'umurizo w'umuyoboro mukuru w'amazi n'umuyoboro w'amazi bituma amazi y'amakara adahagije yinjira mu mwobo. Icya gatanu, amakara areremba afite ibice byinshi binini, bigatuma bigora icyuma gicukura (gifite ipompo y'ibyondo) gukusanya ibikoresho neza ku mpera y'imbere mu gihe cyo gusukura imiyoboro. Ibi bituma ipompo y'ibyondo idakora neza, ikangirika cyane, kandi bigasaba ko isuku ikozwe n'intoki cyangwa ikoresheje icyuma gitanga ibikoresho ku mpera y'umuyoboro w'amazi, bigatuma abakozi benshi bakora cyane kandi isuku ikaba nke.
2 Igishushanyo mbonera cy'uburyo bwo gutunganya amakara asesagura ku byuma bitwara imizigo
2.1 Ubushakashatsi ku mikorere n'ingamba
(1) Nubwo inguni irekuye y'icyuma gitwara imizigo idashobora guhindurwa, umuvuduko w'imikorere yacyo ushobora guhindurwa hashingiwe ku bunini bw'amakara. Igisubizo kikubiyemo gushyiraho igipimo cy'umukandara aho utanga amazi aturuka kugira ngo ukurikirane ingano y'amakara no gutanga ibitekerezo ku buryo bwihuse kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura. Ibi bituma habaho guhindura umuvuduko w'imikorere y'icyuma gitwara imizigo kugira ngo bigabanye umuvuduko no kugabanya amazi yamenetse.
(2) Kugira ngo hakemurwe ikibazo cy’ “umukandara uremba” giterwa n’ubuso butaringaniye ahantu henshi ku gice cy’umukandara, ingamba zirimo guhindura igice cy’umukandara n’umuhanda kugira ngo umukandara ugende neza. Byongeye kandi, hashyizweho ibikoresho bizunguruka umuvuduko kugira ngo bikemure ikibazo cy’ “umukandara uremba” no kugabanya amazi yamenetse.
2.2 Sisitemu yo gusukura yikora ku mpera y'umurizo hakoreshejwe icyuma gitanga umukandara
(1) Ikirahure cy'umukandara n'ikimenyetso cyo kuzenguruka gikoresha imbaraga nyinshi bishyirwa ku mpera y'inyuma y'ikigega cy'umukandara. Ikimenyetso cyo kuzenguruka gikusanya amakara yamenetse kikanayashyira mu byiciro. Ibikoresho bito bivangwa n'amazi bigashyirwa mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu bwoko bwa scraper, mu gihe ibikoresho binini cyane byoherezwa mu cyuma gikoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Binyuze mu kigega cy'umukandara cyo kohereza, ibikoresho bisubizwa mu cyuma gikuru.umukandara w'umukandaraIbikoresho bito cyane biva kuri ecran ihindagurika cyane binyura mu bushobozi bw'isi bijya kuri sump cleaner yo mu bwoko bwa scraper.
(2) Amazi y’amakara anyura mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi anyura mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi, aho uduce duto turengeje milimetero 0.5 dusohokera mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi. Amazi y’amazi anyura mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi anyura mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi anyura mu cyuma gisukura imiyoboro y’amazi.
(3) Hashyizweho umuyoboro w'amazi n'icyuma gitera amazi hejuru y'ikigega cy'amazi. Ipompe y'amazi ikoreshwa cyane irimo gukururwa ishyirwa mu kigega cy'amazi hanyuma ikagenda igaruka n'inyuma kugira ngo ijyane amazi asanzwe hasi mu cyuma gikurura umwuka mwinshi. Nyuma yo kuyungurura hakoreshejwe icyuma gikurura umwuka mwinshi, umugati w'amakara ushyirwa ku cyuma gitwara umukandara, mu gihe amazi ayungurura umwuka anyura mu cyuma gikurura umwuka.
2.3 Ibiranga Sisitemu Rusange yo Gutunganya Amakara Yamenetse
(1) Sisitemu igenzura umuvuduko w'imikorere y'icyuma gitwara amazi gikuru kugira ngo igabanye amazi yamenetse kandi ikemure ikibazo cy' "umukandara ugenda hejuru". Igenzura neza valve y'irembo ry'ikigega cyo kubika amazi, igabanya ingano y'amazi asohoka. Gushyiramo plaque za polyethylene nini cyane ku muhanda bigabanya ingano y'amazi asohoka akenewe. Ingano y'amazi asohoka kuri buri gikorwa igabanuka ikagera kuri 200 m³, igabanuka rya 75%, bigabanya ingorane zo gusukura amazi n'ingano y'amazi yo mu kirombe.
(2) Akadomo k'umurizo kari ku mpera y'umurizo gakusanya neza, kagashyira mu byiciro, kandi kagatanga ibikoresho, gashyira mu byiciro uduce duto cyane turenze mm 10. Ibikoresho bito biva hasi binyura mu mashini isukura isukura isanzwe.
(3) Akamashini gapima cyane gatuma amakara agwa, kagabanye ubushuhe bw'amakara. Ibi byoroshya gutwara amakara ku mukandara munini uhetamye kandi bigabanya amazi yamenetse.
(4) Uduce tw’amakara dutemba binyuze mu mbaraga z’uburemere mu gikoresho cyo gusohora amazi kiri mu gikoresho cyo gutwika. Binyuze mu gikoresho cyo gutwika amazi kiri imbere mu gikoresho cyo gutwika amazi. Uduce tw’amakara dufite uburemere burenze 0.5 mm turashyirwa mu byiciro kandi tugasohorwa hakoreshejwe icyuma gisohora amazi kiri ku gikoresho cyo kohereza amazi. Amazi menshi ava mu gikoresho cyo gutwika amazi kiri mu gikoresho cyo gutwika amazi anyura mu gikoresho cyo gutwika amazi kiri inyuma. Igikoresho cyo gutwika amazi kiri mu gi ...
3 Ibyiza n'Agaciro
3.1 Inyungu ku bukungu
(1) Ubu buryo butuma imirimo yo munsi y’ubutaka idakorwa n’abashinzwe umutekano, bugabanya abakozi 20 kandi bugatuma amafaranga y’abakozi ku mwaka agabanukaho miliyoni 4 z’ama-CNY.
(2) Imashini isukura amazi yo mu bwoko bwa scraper ikora ku buryo bwikora ifite iminota 2 gusa yo gutangira gukora, bigatuma ikoreshwa ry’ingufu rigabanuka. Ugereranyije n’ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gucukura amazi, izigama amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 1 z’ama-CNY buri mwaka.
(3) Muri ubu buryo, uduce duto gusa twinjira mu mwobo. Utwo duce duto duto dusohoka neza hakoreshejwe ipompo nyinshi zidapfukirana cyangwa ngo zitwikwe, bigabanura amafaranga yo kubungabunga agera kuri miliyoni 1 z'ama-CNY ku mwaka.
3.2 Inyungu ku mibereho myiza
Iyi sisitemu isimbuza isuku y'intoki, igabanya imbaraga z'abakozi kandi ikongera imikorere myiza yo gucukura. Mu gutunganya uduce duto tw'amazi mbere y'uko ducukurwa, bigabanya kwangirika no gucika kw'imashini zo mu bwoko bwa pompe n'izo mu byiciro byinshi, bigabanya igipimo cyo kwangirika kw'imashini no kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha. Gusukura mu gihe nyacyo byongera ubushobozi bw'imashini yo mu bwoko bwa pompe, bikuraho gukenera imashini zo mu bwoko bwa pompe zihagarara, kandi bikongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imyuzure. Hamwe no kugenzura hagati y'amazi no mu bikorwa byo munsi y'ubutaka bidakozwe n'abantu, ingaruka mbi z'umutekano ziragabanuka cyane, bigatanga inyungu zitangaje ku mibereho myiza y'abaturage.
4 Umwanzuro
Uburyo busesuye bwo gutunganya amakara yamenetse ku gipimo cy'ingenziumukandara w'umukandarani ibintu byoroshye, bifatika, byizewe, kandi byoroshye gukoresha no gucunga. Gukoresha neza byakemuye neza imbogamizi zo gusukura amakara yamenetse ku byuma bitwara imizigo birebire kandi bigakuraho umuyoboro w'inyuma. Ubu buryo ntibunoza gusa imikorere neza ahubwo bunakemura ibibazo by'umutekano munsi y'ubutaka, bigaragaza ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwamamaza no gukoresha mu buryo bwagutse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Nzeri 2025
