M'migodi ya malasha, ma malamba akuluakulu omwe amaikidwa m'misewu ikuluikulu yokhotakhota nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kusefukira kwa malasha, kutayikira, ndi kugwa kwa malasha panthawi yamayendedwe. Izi zimaonekera makamaka ponyamula malasha aiwisi okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri, pomwe malasha amatayira tsiku lililonse amatha kufikira matani makumi kapena mazana. Malasha otayika amayenera kutsukidwa, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito komanso chitetezo. Kuti izi zitheke, tanki yosungira madzi imayikidwa pamutu wa conveyor lamba kuti ayeretse malasha otayika. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, valve yachipata cha thanki yosungiramo madzi imatsegulidwa pamanja kuti itulutse malasha oyandama kumchira wa conveyor, kumene amatsukidwa ndi chotengera. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi osambira, malasha oyandama mochulukira, kutsukidwa mosayembekezereka, komanso kuyandikira kwa malasha oyandama ku sump, malasha oyandama nthawi zambiri amathamangitsidwa mwachindunji mu sump. Zotsatira zake, sump imafuna kuyeretsa kamodzi pamwezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta monga kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito, zovuta pakuyeretsa sump, komanso ngozi zazikulu zachitetezo.
1 Kuwunika Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kutayira kwa Malasha
1.1 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kutha kwa Malasha
Choyamba, mbali yaikulu yokhotakhota ndi liwiro lalikulu la conveyor; chachiwiri, malo osagwirizana pamalo angapo motsatira thupi la conveyor, zomwe zimapangitsa "lamba woyandama" ndikupangitsa kuti malasha atayike.
1.2 Kuvuta kwa Sump Cleaning
Choyamba, valve yotsegulira pamanja ya thanki yosungiramo madzi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi digirii yotsegulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azithamanga kwambiri. Pafupifupi, 800 m³ wamadzi otayira malasha amathiridwa mu sump nthawi iliyonse. Chachiwiri, malo osagwirizana a msewu waukulu wa conveyor woyendetsa malamba amachititsa kuti malasha oyandama aunjikane m'madera otsika popanda matope panthawi yake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azinyamula malasha oyandama kupita ku sump ndi kuyeretsa kawirikawiri. Chachitatu, malasha oyandama pamchira wa conveyor satsukidwa msanga kapena bwino lomwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azithamangitsidwa mu sump panthawi yoyendetsa. Chachinayi, mtunda waufupi pakati pa mchira wa conveyor wamkulu wa lamba ndi sump umalola madzi a malasha opanda matope osakwanira kulowa mu sump. Chachisanu, malasha oyandama amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chunks, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti chofufutira choyenda (chokhala ndi pampu yamatope) chisonkhanitse zinthu moyenera kumapeto chakutsogolo pakuyeretsa sump. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwachangu, kuvala kwambiri kwa mpope wamatope, ndipo kumafunika kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito manja kapena zonyamula katundu kumapeto kwa sump, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yochuluka kwambiri komanso kuyeretsa kochepa.
2 Mapangidwe a Njira Yathunthu Yothandizira Kuwonongeka kwa Malasha kwa Ma Belt Conveyors
2.1 Kafukufuku wa Scheme ndi Njira
(1) Ngakhale kuti mbali yotsetsereka ya conveyor lamba sangasinthidwe, liwiro lake logwira ntchito limatha kusinthidwa kutengera kuchuluka kwa malasha. Njira yothetsera vutoli imaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa sikelo ya lamba pa malo odyetserako chakudya kuti ayang'ane kuchuluka kwa malasha ndikupereka ndemanga zenizeni ku dongosolo lolamulira. Izi zimathandiza kusintha liwiro la ntchito ya conveyor lamba wamkulu kuti achepetse liwiro komanso kuchepetsa kutayika kwa malasha.
(2) Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la "lamba woyandama" chifukwa cha malo osagwirizana pazigawo zingapo pambali pa thupi la conveyor, miyeso imaphatikizapo kusintha thupi lonse la conveyor ndi msewu kuti lamba liziyenda molunjika. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zodzigudubuza zimayikidwa kuti zithetse vuto la "lamba woyandama" ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa malasha.
2.2 Automatic Cleaning System Kumapeto kwa Mchira Pogwiritsa Ntchito Loader
(1) Chotchinga chodzigudubuza ndi chotchinga chothamanga kwambiri zimayikidwa kumapeto kwa mchira wa conveyor lamba. Chophimba chodzigudubuza chimangosonkhanitsa ndikuyika makala otayika. Zinthu zocheperako zimatsukidwa ndi madzi kupita ku sump cleaner yamtundu wa scraper, pomwe zinthu zazikuluzikulu zimaperekedwa pazenera lalikulu logwedezeka. Pogwiritsa ntchito lamba wotumizira, zinthuzo zimatumizidwa ku conveyor wamkulu wa lamba. Zinthu zocheperako kuchokera pazithunzi zogwedezeka kwambiri zimayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka kupita ku chotsukira chamtundu wa scraper.
(2) Madzi a malasha amadzimadzi amayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka kupita ku chotsukira chamtundu wa scraper, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokulirapo kuposa 0.5 mm timatulutsidwa mwachindunji pachotengera lamba. Madzi osefukira kuchokera ku scraper-type sump cleaner amayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka kulowa mu thanki ya sedimentation.
(3) Njanji ndi chokwezera magetsi zimayikidwa pamwamba pa thanki ya sedimentation. Pampu yolemetsa yolemetsa yokhala ndi chipwirikiti imayikidwa mkati mwa thanki ya sedimentation ndikuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kuti isamutse matope okhazikika pansi kupita ku makina osindikizira apamwamba kwambiri. Pambuyo kusefedwa ndi makina osindikizira a high-pressure, keke ya malasha imatulutsidwa pa conveyor lamba, pamene madzi osefa amayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka mu sump.
2.3 Mawonekedwe a Comprehensive Coal Spillage Treatment System
(1) Dongosololi limangoyang'anira kuthamanga kwa lamba wonyamula lamba kuti achepetse kutaya kwa malasha ndikuthana ndi vuto la "lamba woyandama". Imawongolera mwanzeru valavu yachipata cha thanki yosungiramo madzi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi otuluka. Kuyika mbale za polyethylene zolemetsa kwambiri za molekyulu panjira kumachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa madzi othamanga. Kuchuluka kwa madzi otsekemera pa ntchito iliyonse kumachepetsedwa kufika pa 200 m³, kutsika kwa 75%, kumachepetsa kuvuta kwa sump kuyeretsa ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a mgodi.
(2) Chotchinga chogudubuza kumapeto kwa mchira chimasonkhanitsa, kugawa, ndikutumiza zinthuzo, ndikuyika tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokulirapo kuposa 10 mm. Zinthu zocheperako zimayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka kupita ku chotsukira chamtundu wa scraper.
(3) Chotchinga chogwedezeka kwambiri chimachepetsa madzi a malasha, kuchepetsa chinyezi cha malasha. Izi zimathandizira mayendedwe pa chonyamulira cha malamba otsetsereka komanso zimachepetsa kutayikira kwa malasha.
(4) Utoto wa malasha umayenda ndi mphamvu yokoka kulowa mumtundu wa scraper-type discharge unit mkati mwa thanki yokhazikitsira. Kudzera m'chisa chake chamkati chokhazikika mbale yokhazikika. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta malasha okulirapo kuposa 0.5 mm timasinthidwa ndikutulutsidwa kudzera pa chipangizo chotsitsa chalamba pachonyamula lamba. Madzi osefukira kuchokera ku scraper-type sump cleaner amapita ku thanki yakumbuyo ya sedimentation. Chotsukira chotsuka chamtundu wa scraper chimagwira tinthu tamalasha tokulirapo kuposa 0.5 mm, ndikuthetsa nkhani monga kuvala kwa nsalu zosefera ndi makeke osefera "wosanjikiza" mu makina osindikizira apamwamba kwambiri.
3 Ubwino ndi Phindu
3.1 Ubwino Pazachuma
(1) Dongosololi limathandiza kuti anthu azigwira ntchito mobisa, kuchepetsa ogwira ntchito ndi anthu a 20 ndikupulumutsa pafupifupi CNY 4 miliyoni pamitengo yantchito pachaka.
(2) Sump cleaner yamtundu wa scraper imagwira ntchito yokha ndi maulendo oyambira a 1-2 maola ozungulira ndi nthawi yothamanga ya maminiti a 2 pa ntchito iliyonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ikhale yochepa. Poyerekeza ndi zida zachikhalidwe zowotchera, zimapulumutsa pafupifupi CNY 1 miliyoni pamitengo yamagetsi pachaka.
(3) Ndi dongosololi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalowa mu sump. Izi zimapopedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito mapampu amitundu yambiri popanda kutsekeka kapena kutenthedwa papope, kuchepetsa mtengo wokonza ndi pafupifupi CNY 1 miliyoni pachaka.
3.2 Zopindulitsa Pagulu
Dongosololi limalowa m'malo mwa kuyeretsa pamanja, kuchepetsa kuchulukira kwa ogwira ntchito ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Pokonza tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri, kumachepetsa kung'ambika ndi kung'ambika pamapampu am'matope ndi mapampu amitundu yambiri, kutsitsa kulephera kwa mapampu ndikukulitsa moyo wawo wantchito. Kuyeretsa nthawi yeniyeni kumawonjezera mphamvu ya sump, kumachotsa kufunikira kwa ma sump oyimilira, ndikuwonjezera kukana kusefukira. Ndi ulamuliro wapakati kuchokera pamwamba ndi ntchito zopanda ntchito zapansi panthaka, zoopsa zachitetezo zimachepetsedwa kwambiri, kumapereka ubwino wodabwitsa wa anthu.
4 Mapeto
Njira yothanirana ndi kutayika kwa malasha pamalamba akulu ndi osavuta, othandiza, odalirika, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwake kwathana bwino ndi zovuta zotsuka matalala a malasha pamalamba oyenda motsetsereka komanso kugwetsa sump yakumbuyo. Dongosololi silimangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso limathetsa ngozi zachitetezo chapansi panthaka, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu pakukweza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-22-2025
